Feasibility of Calcined Marl as an Alternative Pozzolanic Material

Danner, Tobias; Justnes, Harald; Norden, Geir; Østnor, Tone Anita

doi:10.1007/978-94-017-9939-3_9

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The present authors have previously published extensive studies on the pozzolanic activity of smectite rich clay containing 20-25% calcium carbonate, for simplicity called calcined "marl". (Danner, Justnes, Norden, & Østnor, 2015;Danner, Justnes, & Ostnor, 2012;Danner, Østnor, & Justnes, 2013;Justnes and Østnor, 2014;Østnor, Justnes, & Danner, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcareous smectite clay as a pozzolanic alternative to kaolin

Danner

Norden²,

Justnes

2019

European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering

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The hydration of cement pastes with addition of a kaolinite rich clay (Clay A) and a calcareous smectite rich clay (Clay B) was investigated with isothermal calorimetry, in-situ XRD, PXRD, TGA and EPMA. Portland cement was replaced by 20, 35 and 50 weight% calcined clay in cement pastes and mortars. Both clays showed good pozzolanic reactivity. However, clay A having a higher amount of metakaolin and higher specific surface was more reactive in terms of CH consumption and mortar strength development. 50% replacement of PC by calcined Clay A resulted in increased 28 day compressive strength while mortars with 50% calcined Clay B showed almost equal 28 day compressive strength compared to the reference. With increasing addition of calcined clay, the second aluminate reaction (formation of AFm phase) of cement hydration was accelerated and the cement pastes became under sulphated. This resulted in a stronger and earlier sulphate depletion peak, especially in pastes with calcined Clay A. Due to 3% calcite in the used cement the main hydration product found was carboaluminate hydrate. The favoured formation of carboaluminate hydrate stabilised ettringite in the cement pastes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calcareous smectite clay as a pozzolanic alternative to kaolin

Danner

Norden²,

Justnes

2019

European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering

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“…The clays presented in this study have been investigated by the present authors in earlier studies. It was shown that replacement of up to 50% cement by calcined clay can result in equal or higher 28 day compressive strength [10,[15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clay B is a smectite rich clay with about 25% calcite. Calcined Clay B has been extensively studied by the present authors and was published under the name "calcined marl" for simplicity [15][16][17][18][19]. However, it should actually be categorized as "calcareous mudstone".…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Production Parameters on Pozzolanic Reactivity of Calcined Clays

Danner

Justnes

2018

Nordic Concrete Research

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Calcined clays are gaining increasing interest as future supplementary cementitious materials for the production of blended cements. Besides the mineralogy, the right production conditions can affect the pozzolanic activity of calcined clays. In this paper, the pozzolanic reactivity of two calcined natural clays in dependence of burning temperature, residence time in the furnace, cooling conditions and particle size of the final product is investigated. The highest pozzolanic reactivity was found at calcination temperatures between 600 and 800°C. While different cooling conditions had no identified effect on reactivity, decreased particle size and residence time increased the reactivity.

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“…Clay pozzolana is a typical artificial pozzolana produced in Ghana on commercial scale by the Pozzolana Ghana Limited through the calcination of clay materials at temperature usually between 700-900 o C. The clay pozzolana is relatively cheap and their production help protect the environment through reduced CO 2 emission compared with cement production (Danner et al, 2015). Because of worldwide availability of clays and their low carbon content, these calcined clays provide a forward-looking opportunity for producing sustainable concrete (Beunter and Thienel, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Clay Pozzolana-Cement-Composite on the Strength Development of a Hydraulic Backfill

Eshun¹,

Gidigasu

Gawu³

2018

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The study sought to investigate the potential application of clay pozzolana as a supplement for cement in hydraulic backfill, using classified tailings from AngloGold Ashanti, Obuasi Mine. The percentage of the Portland cement that could be substituted with the clay pozzolana to produce backfill with best strength was determined. 10%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% of the ordinary Portland cement were replaced with clay pozzolana and then mixed with tailings and water. The slurry produced was cast into cylindrical specimen of 50mm diameter by 120mm high and tested for compressive strength after curing for 7, 14, 21, 28 and 56 days. The results indicate that, clay pozzolana-cement composite has potential for application in hydraulic back fill production without increased risk to safety and dilution. It was noted that hydraulic backfill with 10%, 25%, 30% and 35% of the ordinary portland cement replaced with clay pozzolana had strengths greater than those obtained for ordinary portland cement alone. Ten percent (10%) pozzolana content gave the maximum strength followed by 25% pozzolana. It is recommended that for safety and economic considerations, the cement content should be replaced by 25% pozzolana in the production of backfills. Keywords: Hydraulic Backfill, Portland Cement, Clay Pozzolana, Unconfined Compressive Strength

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Feasibility of Calcined Marl as an Alternative Pozzolanic Material

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Calcareous smectite clay as a pozzolanic alternative to kaolin

Calcareous smectite clay as a pozzolanic alternative to kaolin

The Influence of Production Parameters on Pozzolanic Reactivity of Calcined Clays

The Effect of Clay Pozzolana-Cement-Composite on the Strength Development of a Hydraulic Backfill

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