Feasibility of foam forming technology for producing wood plastic composites

Immonen, Kirsi; Jetsu, Petri; Keränen, Janne; Torvinen, Katariina

doi:10.1002/app.49404

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 23 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…Further, chemical treatment of the reinforcing fiber was observed to not improve the impact properties of the synthesized composite. Immonen and co‐workers [ 96 ] examined and reported on the impact properties of low‐density polyethylene (LDPE) containing softwood pulp composite. The impact strength of the engineered composite for only 30 percent loading of the reinforcing fiber improved by as much as 33 percent when compared one‐on‐one with the unreinforced counterpart.…”

Section: Mechanical Characterization Of the Injection Molded Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review on mechanical and morphological characteristics of injection molded biodegradable composites

et al. 2022

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Factors like environmental and societal awareness often lead to a significant change of action in the development of eco-friendly materials like the family of green composites. Green composites are becoming increasingly apparent as a sensible and potentially viable alternative to the synthetic composites. A healthy synergism of factors to include weight reduction, cost, performance improvement, biodegradable nature, nontoxic properties, and flexibility are often the key motives that provide the much needed impetus for the development of green composites for the purpose of selection and use in a spectrum of applications. The biodegradable or green composites became a viable substitute for the long-established materials and often a challenge to the family of synthetic polymer-based composites. The present study draws attention to the issues and challenges that come in the way of development and characterization of "green" composites primarily on the use of advanced manufacturing processes like injection molding. In this article, the chemical composition, structure, mechanical properties, and classification of the natural fibers are presented and briefly discussed. The mechanical properties, to include tensile response, flexural behavior, and impact strength, of the injection molded composites are presented and adequately discussed. The effect and role of surface treatments and coupling agents on mechanical properties of the family of polymer composites, to include the nonbiodegradable composites, partially green composites, and fully green composites, are examined and adequately discussed.green composite, injection molding, mechanical properties, natural fibers, processing | INTRODUCTION"Green" composite is a mixture of naturally occurring fiber and a biodegradable polymer (natural resin or synthesized resin). The "green" composites often tend to degrade easily at the end of their lifecycle. Invariably, "green" composites get converted to water (H 2 O) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) without appreciably influencing the environment. The synthetic polymer composites have a plethora of applications in the fields spanning automobile

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Section: Mechanical Characterization Of the Injection Molded Compositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A critical review on mechanical and morphological characteristics of injection molded biodegradable composites

et al. 2022

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“…Foam forming has also been seen as a feasible technology for producing high-performance and cost-efficient thermoformable wood-plastic composite materials. [166] In future applications, addition of sensors or signaling into foam-formed products could let the material to communicate with its surroundings. In thermal insulation, a sensor could indicate, for example, increased moisture content between the walls.…”

Section: Sound Absorption and Other Possible Construction Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foam forming of fiber products: a review

Hjelt

Ketoja

Kiiskinen

et al. 2021

Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology

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Aqueous foam can be used as a transfer medium to form lightweight materials from natural and man-made fibers together with other types of raw materials. This review discusses mechanisms that underlie the forming process and thus influence physical properties of formed fiber networks such as microporous structure, strength behavior, and transport properties. Homogeneous fiber materials can be formed from versatile raw materials, which makes the technology suitable for a vast range of product applications. An intriguing feature of the method is that the wet foam characteristics provide an additional tool to tailor the performance of the dried material. Understanding foam rheology and how that is affected by added fibers is important in developing the forming process. We introduce both fundamental foam properties and practical forming methods, and show how the material properties are affected by the foam-fiber interaction. The basic features of an industrial production process are also described. The potential material properties are compared against key requirements in typical product applications.

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“…One method of using fewer raw materials in product design is the preparation of products in the form of foam, composite, or frame that use less raw materials with similar or better final properties (Maris et al 2014;Immonen et al 2020;Oluwabunmi et al 2020;Deshkar et al 2018). Using biodegradable fibers instead of oil-based fibers is one of the best ideas.…”

Section: Ce Actions For Solving the Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Addressing the Challenge of Microfiber Plastics as the Marine Pollution Crisis Using Circular Economy Methods: a Review

Sadeghi

Marfavi

et al. 2021

Mater Circ Econ

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The growing trend of using plastics and the accumulation of plastic waste in nature have caused many concerns. The fragmentation of plastic waste causes the formation of microplastics. Microfiber plastics (a subset of microplastics) enter the marine environment, then, after entering the food chain, cause damage to organisms. In this review article, sources of microplastic waste in aquatic environments and the use of biodegradable plastics as a sustainable alternative to conventional plastics are investigated. As a result, biodegradable plastics cannot reduce pollution to zero. Hence, there is a need for complementary mechanisms in this field. More sustainable mechanisms are needed to reduce pollution. Therefore, the potential of implementing a circular economy to reduce plastic waste into marine environments has been investigated, and effective measures and ideas have been expressed as a way to achieve environmental goals along with economic and political aspects. On-site recycling, plastic waste reuse, long-term policies, economic justification, equipment and product modification, financial incentives, etc. are all complementary mechanisms proposed. More attention to research and development units is also necessary.

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Feasibility of foam forming technology for producing wood plastic composites

Cited by 10 publications

References 23 publications

A critical review on mechanical and morphological characteristics of injection molded biodegradable composites

A critical review on mechanical and morphological characteristics of injection molded biodegradable composites

Foam forming of fiber products: a review

Addressing the Challenge of Microfiber Plastics as the Marine Pollution Crisis Using Circular Economy Methods: a Review

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