Feasibility of High Pressure Injection of Chemicals into the Subsurface for the Bioremediation of the Exxon Valdez Oil

Boufadel, Michel C.; Bobo, Adane M.

doi:10.1111/j.1745-6592.2010.01320.x

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is a subjective criterion, but it was needed in the absence of a numerical model. A justification for it was provided by BB2011, Boufadel and Bobo [17], and publications therein. With a maximum of 88 mg/L, values larger than 8.8 mg/L were viewed as part of the injected plume, whereas values smaller than 8.8 mg/L were assumed to be "not effective" for remediating the beach.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water samples were collected at the top of the pipe from a tygon tube connected to each port location through a tube. The sampling box (SB) was made of two perforated concentric cylinders between which uniform sands were filled [17]. The depths of SPs and SBs for the observation wells are shown in Table 1.…”

Section: Field Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boufadel and Bobo [17], henceforth, BB2011, explored delivering nutrients and oxygen deep into the beach using high pressure injection (HPI) of solutions, and they used solutions of lithium bromide, where lithium was the conservative tracer, as the background bromide concentration (in seawater) is large. Deep injection of chemicals into aquifers is a common technique, but not much has been done in beaches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Comparison between the concentration values from the sampling wells, InjLeft (a), InjRight (b), InjSea (c), and InjLand (d), for the 2010 dataset and a dataset obtained in a prior year using similar experimental and injection procedures[17].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Pressure Injection of Chemicals in a Gravel Beach

Geng

Abdollahi-Nasab

An³

et al. 2019

Processes

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The remediation of beaches contaminated with oil includes the application of surfactants and/or the application of amendments to enhance oil biodegradation (i.e., bioremediation). This study focused on evaluating the practicability of the high pressure injection (HPI) of dissolved chemicals into the subsurface of a lentic Alaskan beach subjected to a 5 m tidal range. A conservative tracer, lithium, in a lithium bromide (LiBr) solution, was injected into the beach at 1.0 m depth near the mid-tide line. The flow rate was varied between 1.0 and 1.5 L/min, and the resulting injection pressure varied between 3 m and 6 m of water. The concentration of the injected tracer was measured from four surrounding monitoring wells at multiple depths. The HPI associated with a flow rate of 1.5 L/min resulted in a Darcy flux in the cross-shore direction at 1.15 × 10 −5 m/s compared to that of 7.5 × 10 −6 m/s under normal conditions. The HPI, thus, enhanced the hydraulic conveyance of the beach. The results revealed that the tracer plume dispersed an area of~12 m 2 within 24 h. These results suggest that deep injection of solutions into a gravel beach is a viable approach for remediating beaches.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Field Setupmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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High Pressure Injection of Chemicals in a Gravel Beach

Geng

Abdollahi-Nasab

An³

et al. 2019

Processes

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“…This is because if the concentration at a location is small, associating it with a large value of time

τ

could bias the results suggesting that the plume was at that location for a long time, while in reality the plume had barely passed by that location. It is common to use the 10% of the maximum to delineate the edge of the plume [ Boufadel and Bobo , , and references herein]. The RTM (equation ) provides, in essence, an integrated metric for the plume persistence within the beach.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of solute transport in shallow beach aquifers subjected to waves and tides

Geng

Boufadel

2015

JGR Oceans

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A numerical study was conducted to investigate the fate of solute in a laboratory beach in response to waves and tides. A new temporal upscaling approach labeled ''net inflow'' was introduced to address impacts of waves on solute transport within beaches. Numerical simulations using a computational fluid dynamic model were used as boundary conditions for the two-dimensional variably saturated flow and solute transport model MARUN. The modeling approach was validated against experimental data of solute transport due to waves and tides. Exchange fluxes across the beach face and subsurface solute transport (e.g., trajectory, movement speed, and residence time) were quantified. Simulation results revealed that waves increased the exchange fluxes, and engendered a wider exchange flux zone along the beach surface. Compared to tide-only forcing, waves superimposed on tide caused the plume to be deeper into the beach, and to migrate more seaward. The infiltration into the beach was found to be directly proportional to the general hydraulic gradient in the beach and inversely proportional to the matrix retention (or capillary) capacity. The simulations showed that a higher inland water table would attenuate wave-caused seawater infiltration, which might impact beach geochemical processes (e.g., nutrient recycle and redox condition), especially at low tide zone. The concept of biochemical residence time maps (BRTM) was introduced to account for the net effect of limiting concentration of chemicals on biochemical reactions. It was found that waves shifted the BRTMs downward and seaward in the beach, and subsequently they engendered different biochemical conditions within the beach.

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Saltwater‐freshwater mixing dynamics in a sandy beach aquifer over tidal, spring‐neap, and seasonal cycles

Heiss

Michael

2014

Water Resources Research

197

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The biogeochemical reactivity of sandy beach aquifers is closely linked to physical flow and solute transport processes. Thus, a clearer understanding of the hydrodynamics in the intertidal zone is needed to accurately estimate chemical fluxes to the marine environment. A field and numerical modeling study was conducted over a 1 year timeframe to investigate the combined effects of tidal stage, spring-neap variability in tidal amplitude, and seasonal inland water table oscillations on intertidal salinity and flow dynamics within a tide-dominated, microtidal sandy beach aquifer. Measured and simulated salinities revealed an intertidal saline circulation cell with a structure and cross-sectional mixing zone area that varied over tidal, spring-neap, and seasonal time scales. The size of the circulation cell and area of the mixing zone were shown for the first time to be most affected by seasonal water table oscillations, followed by tidal amplitude and tidal stage. The intertidal circulation cell expanded horizontally and vertically as the inland water table declined, displacing the fresh discharge zone and lower interface seaward. Over monthly spring-neap cycles, the center of the circulation cell shifted from beneath the backshore and upper beachface to the base of the beach. Salinity variations in the intertidal zone over semidiurnal tidal cycles were minimal. The dynamics of the circulation cell were similar in simulations with and without a berm. The highly transient nature of intertidal salinity over multiple time scales may have important implications for the types and rates of chemical transformations that occur in groundwater prior to discharge to the ocean.

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Feasibility of High Pressure Injection of Chemicals into the Subsurface for the Bioremediation of the Exxon Valdez Oil

Cited by 13 publications

References 31 publications

High Pressure Injection of Chemicals in a Gravel Beach

High Pressure Injection of Chemicals in a Gravel Beach

Numerical study of solute transport in shallow beach aquifers subjected to waves and tides

Saltwater‐freshwater mixing dynamics in a sandy beach aquifer over tidal, spring‐neap, and seasonal cycles

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