Feasibility of preirradiation temozolomide in cases of high-grade gliomas: Our experience and review of literature

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of preradiation temozolomide (TMZ) in high-grade gliomas. Study and Design: It is a single-center, single arm, prospective study. The study included postoperative, histopatholgically proven cases of high-grade gliomas. Materials and Methods: Nine patients of anaplastic astrocytoma (AA) and twenty patients of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) were enrolled in the study. All patients had undergone partial or complete resection. Three weeks after surgery, patients were started on chemotherapy, consisting of two cycles of TMZ, 150 mg/m2/day for 5 days, repeated at an interval of 4 weeks. Patients were subsequently treated with concomitant chemoradiotherapy. A dose of 60 Gy was given over thirty fractions along with TMZ, 75 mg/m2/day. Four cycles of TMZ were given after completion of radiotherapy, in a dose and manner similar to preradiotherapy. Statistical Analysis and Result: Treatment-related toxicity was assessed using common terminology for toxicity criteria (CTCAE v4). Progression-free survival and overall survival (OS) analysis was done. Nearly 79% of patients completed the two cycles of preradiation chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was tolerated well. Median time to progression was 11 months and 8.2 months in AA and GBM patients, respectively. Median OS was 17.4 months in AA patients and 11.4 months in GBM patients. Conclusions: Most patients of postoperative high-grade gliomas tolerated two cycles of TMZ. A good safety profile of TMZ allows it to be used in frontline settings, especially in high volume centers where a delay in starting radiotherapy frequently occurs. The use of TMZ before radiotherapy is a safe and feasible approach, and further studies are required to validate this approach.