Feasibility of real-time three-dimensional transoesophageal echocardiography for guidance of percutaneous atrial septal defect closure

Abstract

RT3D TEE can be used to guide transcatheter ASD closure with the advantages of lower cost than ICE, and ability to visualize en-face views of the ASD. ASD and BD as measured by RT3D TEE differ when compared with 2D imaging.

Eight-French Intracardiac Echocardiography

“…Real-time 3-D TEE can confirm the location of the ASD as well as the size of the defect, and also the associated anatomical structures surrounding the defect. 26 In particular, if there are multiple defects, it can visually confirm the relative location of the defects as well as the different sizes, and it can clearly demonstrate the relative location of the multiple devices during the interventional procedure. 24, 25 Although there has been vast improvement in TEE technology, 1 large disadvantage is the need for endotracheal intubation during TEEguided transcatheter closure of ASD.…”

Diagnosis of a Bilobed Left Atrial Appendage and Pectinate Muscles Mimicking Thrombi on Real-time 3-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography

“…12,13 The clinical indications for RT3D TEE are expected to expand rapidly with increased experience. The size of the LAA can be accurately measured with RT3D TEE, and the LAA orifice area by RT3D TEE correlates more closely with computed tomographic measurements than 2D TEE measurements.…”

Monitoring and guiding cardiac interventions and surgery

“…Real-time 3D TEE is feasible and provides fast and complete information regarding the appropriate deployment and position of the device with regard to the surrounding structures in both ASD and PFO closure [20] [26]. It serves as a complementary imaging modality to conventional 2D image planes throughout the whole interventional procedure [27].…”

“…12.6). This advantage of 3D echocardiography becomes even more important during interventional ASD closures, because knowledge about size, shape, and tissue rim are crucial [23][24] [26]. If there is suspicion of a multifenestrated ASD, RT3D TEE is of great value to determine number and exact location of each individual ASD and their anatomic relation to each other (see 7 Fig.…”