Feasibility of Recycling Bayer Process Red Mud for the Safety Backfill Mining of Layered Soft Bauxite under Coal Seams

Li, Shuai; Zhang, Rui; Feng, Ru; Hu, Boyi; Wang, Guojun; Yu, Haoxuan

doi:10.3390/min11070722

Cited by 17 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…By using 90% S95 slag powder as a cementitious material and 10% lime as an activator, RMCB with a cement-sand ratio of 1:6 and a solid mass concentration of 60% was prepared and poured into a 1000 mL beaker after being evenly stirred at a high speed. After a period of precipitation, the bleeding water of RMCB was absorbed repeatedly every 10 min and filtered through a 45 µm filter membrane [35]. The pH and concentration of several common heavy metal ions were measured, and fluoride, chloride, nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, ammonia nitrogen, chloride, and other contaminants were detected.…”

Section: Bleeding Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As shown in Figure 5 [35], BRM is transported by vehicles and loaded by shovel trucks into a hopper, released at the bottom of the hopper, measured with a belt weigher, and placed into a mixing drum. After mixing with cementitious materials and water at a certain ratio and at a high speed, RMCB is produced and transported via piping through a drill boring and an underground laneway into a mining goaf [52].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Environmental Safety Analysis of Red Mud-Based Cemented Backfill on Groundwater

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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As one of the main industrial solid wastes, there are a large number of free alkaloids, chemically bound alkaloids, fluoride, and heavy metal ions in Bayer process red mud (BRM), which are difficult to remove and easily pollute groundwater as a result of open storage. In order to realize the large-scale industrial application of BRM as a backfilling aggregate for underground mining and simultaneously avoid polluting groundwater, the material characteristics of BRM were analyzed through physical, mechanical, and chemical composition tests. The optimum cement–sand ratio and solid mass concentration of the backfilling were obtained based on several mixture proportion tests. According to the results of bleeding, soaking, and toxic leaching experiments, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was used to evaluate the environmental impact of BRM on groundwater. The results show that chemically bound alkaloids that remained in BRM reacted with Ca2+ in PO 42.5 cement, slowed down the solidification speed, and reduced the early strength of red mud-based cemented backfill (RMCB). The hydration products in RMCB, such as AFT and C-S-H gel, had significant encapsulation, solidification, and precipitation inhibition effects on contaminants, which could reduce the contents of inorganic contaminants in soaking water by 26.8% to 93.8% and the leaching of toxic heavy metal ions by 57.1% to 73.3%. As shown by the results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, the degree of pollution of the RMCB in bleeding water belonged to a medium grade Ⅲ, while that in the soaking water belonged to a low grade II. The bleeding water was diluted by 50–100 times to reach grade I after flowing into the water sump and could be totally recycled for drilling and backfilling, thus causing negligible effects on the groundwater environment.

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Section: Bleeding Experiments and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Safety Analysis of Red Mud-Based Cemented Backfill on Groundwater

Zhang

Feng

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…For example, Zhang et al [33] proposed that safety should be considered in mining production, and numerical modeling methods such as Flac 3D should be used for practical engineering and mining method optimization; again, for example, Zhang et al [34] proposed that environmental concerns be incorporated into the evaluation and consideration of practical mining production and backfill processes, as China has introduced the concept of green mining since 2015.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill Mining Method, Part III: Practical Engineering Problems in Stope and Goaf Backfill

Wang

2022

Minerals

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With the continuous innovation and development of science and technology, the mining industry has also benefited greatly and improved over time, especially in the field of backfill mining. Mining researchers are increasingly working on cutting-edge technologies, such as applying artificial intelligence to mining production. However, in addition, some problems in the actual engineering are worth people’s attention, and especially in China, such a big mining country, the actual engineering faces many problems. In recent years, Chinese mining researchers have conducted a lot of studies on practical engineering problems in the stope and goaf of backfill mining method in China, among which the three most important points are (1) Calculation problems of backfill slurry transportation; (2) Reliability analysis of backfill pipeline system; (3) Stope backfill process and technology. Therefore, this final part (Part III) will launch the research progress of China’s practical engineering problems from the above two points. Finally, we claim that Part III serves just as a guide to starting a conversation, and hope that many more experts and scholars will be interested and engage in the research of this field.

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“…With the development of science and technology [37,38], the filling system will undoubtedly mature further.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill Mining Method, Part II: The Composition and Typical Examples of Backfill Systems

Zhao

et al. 2021

Minerals

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The backfill mining method is a widely used mining method in the major mines of China, which can maximize the recovery of mineral resources and protect the environment. Currently, major mines in China are starting to build backfill systems to apply the backfill mining method, therefore, Part II reviews the progress China has made on creating backfill systems, of which the main contents include: (1) Composition of the backfill system common in Chinese mines; (2) Typical examples of the backfill system in China. Finally, Part II serves as a guide to begin a conversation, and to encourage experts and scholars to engage in the research of this field.

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Feasibility of Recycling Bayer Process Red Mud for the Safety Backfill Mining of Layered Soft Bauxite under Coal Seams

Cited by 17 publications

References 38 publications

Environmental Safety Analysis of Red Mud-Based Cemented Backfill on Groundwater

Environmental Safety Analysis of Red Mud-Based Cemented Backfill on Groundwater

The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill Mining Method, Part III: Practical Engineering Problems in Stope and Goaf Backfill

The Recent Progress China Has Made in the Backfill Mining Method, Part II: The Composition and Typical Examples of Backfill Systems

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