Feasibility of using different hydrothermal processes for sewage sludge management in China

Liu, Yuzhi; Li, Bing; Guo, Dengting; Munir, Muhammad Tajammal; Song, Lan; Wu, Xiaofeng; Huang, Yuefei

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156154

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…As the world population grows and urbanization increases, wastewater sludge poses several challenges, including overproduction and treatment requirements [6,7]. Landfills, incineration, agricultural applications, and other sludge treatment methods have limitations, such as the loss of nutrients, leakage of harmful elements, and excessive gas emissions [8][9][10][11]. Therefore, it is important to find alternative options to decrease sludge and recover P resources.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochloric Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Treatment to Recover Phosphorus from Municipal Sludge

Liu,

Xue,

Zhai

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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Resource utilization of sludge is critical because traditional sludge treatment methods cause a large amount of nutrient loss. This study investigated the impact of hydrochloric acid quantity, reaction temperature, and time on phosphorus release and migration from municipal sludge during hydrothermal treatment and designed a sludge disposal method for the recovery and utilization of phosphorus resources. We know that hydrochloric acid destroys the complexation of calcium and phosphorus precipitates, leading to the selective transfer of phosphorus to the liquid phase, and that the addition of 1–5% hydrochloric acid corresponds to a phosphorus extraction rate in the range of 0.3–98%. When hydrochloric acid is added, a change in temperature and reaction time has a negligible effect on phosphorus. Phosphorus can be recovered using the liquid product obtained under the optimal hydrothermal reaction conditions (adding 5% HCl at 205 °C for 30 min). After adjusting the pH value and adding the magnesium source, struvite (MgNH4PO4·6H2O) can be precipitated quickly and with high purity. At a cost of USD 27.8/ton of sludge, this method can recover 94% of the phosphorus in the sludge, and the bioavailable phosphorus ratio of the product is 93%, therefore, providing an important alternative to existing phosphorus recovery technologies.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrochloric Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Treatment to Recover Phosphorus from Municipal Sludge

Liu,

Xue,

Zhai

et al. 2024

Catalysts

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“…Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising alternative residue management process that can recover nutrients from biological waste with high moisture [9][10]. As a sustainable, economical, and e cient method [11], the HTC process involves heating the biomass in water at subcritical temperatures (180-240°C) and autogenous pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and conversion of phosphorus in hydrothermal carbonization of municipal sludge with hydrochloric acid

Xue

Wang

Wu³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Purpose: Phosphate ore is a non-renewable resource, so finding a replacement is necessary. Municipal sludge has significant recycling potential because of its high phosphorus content and large discharge characteristics. Methods: The migration and transformation of phosphorus in sewage sludge treated with different concentrations of HCl were studied using the standards, measurements, and testing phosphorus extraction protocol from two aspects: phosphorus complexation and mineral form. Results: The results showed that more than 95% of phosphorus was concentrated in the solid products (hydrochar) after hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) without HCl, and the main form of phosphorus was organophosphorus (OP). With 0.5% to 2.5% HCl added, the phosphorus concentration of the liquid product (process water, PW) ranged from 13.14 to 219.41 mg/L, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+-N) increased by 0.32- to 1.88-fold. With the addition of 2.5% HCl, the phosphorus content in the hydrochar was 90% that of the original sludge, with a concentration of 64.17 mg/g, and the proportion of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus was approximately 94%. Conclusion: This study provides technical support for the recovery of phosphorus resources from municipal sludge.

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“…The phosphorus in sludge can be recovered by converting the ash produced by incineration into inorganic phosphate or as fertilizer for agricultural use. However, disposal methods such as incineration can lead to the loss of nutrients [9,10], whereas the direct use of sludge as fertilizer in farmland brings risks due to the availability of nutrients and mobility of potentially harmful elements or substances [11,12]. Therefore, it is important to find alternative options for the valorization of sludge and its transformation into a more valuable product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising alternative residue management process that can recover nutrients from biological waste with high moisture [11,12]. As a sustainable, economical, and efficient method [13], the HTC process involves heating the biomass in water at subcritical temperatures (180-240 • C) and autogenous pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and Conversion of Phosphorus in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Municipal Sludge with Hydrochloric Acid

Xue

Wang

Wu³

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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Phosphate ore is a non-renewable resource, so finding a replacement is necessary. Municipal sludge has significant recycling potential because of its high phosphorus content and large discharge characteristics. The migration and transformation of phosphorus in municipal sludge treated with different concentrations of HCl were studied using the standards, measurements, and testing phosphorus extraction protocol from two aspects: phosphorus complexation and mineral form. After the hydrothermal carbonization treatment without HCl, the hydrochar retained 99.7% of phosphorus in the sludge, and the organophosphorus percentage was about 30%. In the hydrothermal carbonization treatment with the addition of 0.5–2.5% HCl, the phosphorus content in the hydrochar decreased gradually from 99.5% (46.18 mg/g) to 91.8% (64.17 mg/g) that of the original sludge, and the proportion of non-apatite inorganic phosphorus increased from 34% to 94%. Hydrochloric acid provides a low-pH environment and promotes the dissolution of calcium-related phosphorus precipitates and enhances the dehydration reaction. This study provides technical support for the recovery of phosphorus resources from municipal sludge.

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Feasibility of using different hydrothermal processes for sewage sludge management in China

Cited by 23 publications

References 102 publications

Hydrochloric Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Treatment to Recover Phosphorus from Municipal Sludge

Hydrochloric Acid Catalyzed Hydrothermal Treatment to Recover Phosphorus from Municipal Sludge

Migration and conversion of phosphorus in hydrothermal carbonization of municipal sludge with hydrochloric acid

Migration and Conversion of Phosphorus in Hydrothermal Carbonization of Municipal Sludge with Hydrochloric Acid

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