Feather growth and development

Deschutter, A.; Leeson, S.

doi:10.1079/wps19860020

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…In line with Deschutter and Leeson [8], Moran [19] and Hancock et al [55], feather growth of growing chicken also depends on gender (Table 2, Figure 1 Table 4 and Table 5. However, age dependent also similar or even less feather yields of female growing chickens are reported [3] [50].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…As reviewed both by Deschutter and Leeson [8] and Leeson and Walsh [9], several factors of influence like animal, nutritional, environmental and management factors may respond on feather growth and development. Accordingly, significant differences in feather development and rate of feathering between genotypes of growing chicken and laying hens were reported [1] [2] [10]- [17].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Age and Gender Depending Growth of Feathers and Feather-Free Body in Modern Fast Growing Meat-Type Chickens

Wecke¹,

Khan²,

Sünder³

et al. 2017

OJAS

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Two growth experiments with fast growing meat type chickens (Ross 308) were conducted to assess the growth of feathers and feather-free body dependent on age and gender (male:female ratio = 1:1). Birds were reared under uniform management and feeding conditions (floor pens; 15 pens per gender; 5 birds per pen) during the starter (day 1 to 22) and grower period (day 22 to 36). Diets were based on corn, wheat, soybean meal, soybean protein concentrate and balanced with feed amino acids to ensure an equal feed protein quality close to the ideal amino acid ratio by a constant mixture of the feed proteins. At start of the experiment and further on weekly up to the end of the 5 th week, 15 birds per gender (each 3 pens of 5 birds) were selected and 24 h fasted before quantitative de-feathering. Both feather and feather free body fractions were significantly increased with increasing age of the birds (p < 0.001). Feather percentage as related to the empty body weight increased non-linearly from approximately 2% at the end of the first week to about 4% at the end of the experiment. Feather percentage and dry matter content of the feather-free body was significantly higher in female birds (p < 0.001) as compared to males. Further investigations will show how this varying proportions impact on nutrient deposition of modern meat-type chickens dependent on age and gender, respectively.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age and Gender Depending Growth of Feathers and Feather-Free Body in Modern Fast Growing Meat-Type Chickens

Wecke¹,

Khan²,

Sünder³

et al. 2017

OJAS

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“…There is no ready explanation for the poor feathering that was observed in these and the earlier studies and it is not known if it was a direct result of the mycoplasma infection or due to a secondary effect such as impaired nutrition or metabolism. Retention of an abnormally long sheath on primary and secondary feathers of chicks is characteristic of certain nutritional deficiencies such as amino acids or vitamins (Deschutter and Leeson, 1986). It is possible that M. iowae infection interferes in some way with the uptake or metabolism of some of these nutrients.…”

Section: Fig 11 Micrograph Of Kidney Of a Three-week-old Poult Infementioning

confidence: 99%

Mycoplasma iowaeinfection in young Turkeys

Bradbury

Ideris

1988

Avian Pathology

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SUMMARYA comparison was made of the effect of five different strains of M. iowae after inoculation of one-day-old poults via the thoracic air sac and foot pad. Three strains appeared to be more virulent and more invasive than the other two, causing stunting, poor feathering and leg abnormalities including chondrodystrophy. One of these three strains was used in a second experiment in which three routes of infection were compared. Infection in ovo caused a severe generalised disease in hatched poults with high mortality. The only two birds which survived into the third week developed chondrodystrophy. One group was infected orally at one day of age and some birds developed bone and joint abnormalities but another group, infected via both the thoracic air sac and the foot pad, also at one day of age, developed a higher incidence of these, abnormalities, which included chondrodystrophy, rotated tibia, deviated toes and, in a few cases, erosion of the articular cartilage of the hock joint. Some of the control uninfected birds developed leg abnormalities but never chondrodystrophy, rotated tibia or cartilage erosion. M. iowae was most widely disseminated in tissues following in ovo infection and least after oral infection. Isolations became less frequent with age and no organisms were recovered in birds sampled at 12 weeks. In neither experiment could antibodies to M. iowae be detected by rapid agglutination.

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“…In birds, feathers significantly contribute to heat preservation (Deschutter and Leeson, 1986), as animals dissipate heat by conductivity through unfeathered body surfaces like comb and shanks (Yunis and Cahaner, 1999). The "naked neck" gene, NA, reduces feather coverage therefore increasing heat loss and improving heat tolerance (Monnet et al, 1979;Mérat, 1986;Yahav et al, 1998;Yunis and Cahaner, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%