In this paper, we propose feature models of a machining operation and machined surface, which correspond directly to the machining process model. The feature model of the machining operation is proposed from the viewpoint of the dimension of a macro cutting tool, the dimension of feed motion, and the number of enveloping constraints. The machining feature is also proposed from the viewpoint of the removal volume (tool swept shape), machined surface (enveloping tool swept shape), and the contacting shape between the required surface and cutting edge during one cutting motion (unit-shaping element). We proposed the abstract model of the machining process and the abstract model of operation planning which could represent the linear equations. We also pointed out that there are only 15 types of machining operations.