Feature of Coronavirus Disease in Patients With Arterial Hypertension and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

Relevance. The combination of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with arterial hypertension (AH) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with decreased saturation, general clinical signs of inflammation, coagulopathies and worsens the course and prognosis of the disease. That is why it is important to identify all possible risk factors for complicated pathology for the prevention and timely treatment of this category of patients.
 Objective: to study the feature of coronavirus disease in patients with AH and COPD.
 Materials and methods. A total of 101 patients aged 30 to 80 years with COVID-19 were examined. The first group included 26 people with COVID-19 and COPD (GOLD 2, groups A, B), and the second group included 75 patients with COVID-19 and AH (I-III stages, 1-3 grade). The parameters of the general blood test, biochemical blood test, coagulation testing, D-dimer, C-reactive protein (CRP), and ferritin in the blood were studied.
 Results. Patients with COVID-19 and COPD had higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p> 0,05) and leukocytosis (p <0,05), as well as increased concentrations of creatinine (p < 0,05) and urea (p < 0,01) that indicates the presence of renal pathology. Patients with COVID-19 and AH had significantly lower prothrombin time (p < 0,05) and international normalized ratio (p < 0,05), as well as a higher prothrombin index (p <0,05), which indicates the benefits of the procoagulant properties of blood in this category of patients. The level of D-dimer (p> 0,05), CRP (p> 0,05), and ferritin (p <0,05) was higher in patients of the 2nd group, which indicates a more severe course of coronavirus disease, as well as more high risks of thromboembolic complications.
 Conclusions. The features of coronavirus disease in patients with hypertension indicate a more severe course of the pathology and a high risk of thromboembolic complications, as evidenced by the procoagulant properties of blood and a high level of D-dimer, CRP, and ferritin. According to the data of clinical and laboratory examinations in patients with COPD and COVID-19, there was a significant increase in creatinine, urea, and leukocytosis, which may indicate the addition of renal pathology.