Feature Selection from a Facial Image for Distinction of Sasang Constitution

Koo, Imhoi; Kim, Jong Yeol; Kim, Myoung Geun; Kim, Keun Ho

doi:10.1093/ecam/nep065

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Previous studies on facial images have demonstrated that the width of jaw is an important variable and it could be regarded as a crucial feature to distinguish the TE type [28, 29]. A person with wider jaw has lower CJWR, and the width of jaw is not only defined by buccal fat and masseter muscle volumes, but also by the mandible size.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index and Facial Cues in Sasang Typology for Young and Elderly Persons

Pham

et al. 2011

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Facial characteristics may provide reliable information giving an insight into the inner nature of an individual. This study examines the differences in widely used facial metrics, including cheek-to-jaw width ratio (CJWR), width-to-height ratio (WHR), perimeter-to-area ratio (PAR), and facial masculinity indexes across Sasang constitutional types, to investigate the association between these facial cues and body mass index (BMI) and develop a predictive model for Sasang typing. 2D images of 911 participants were analyzed. The results indicated that TaeEum (TE) type generally has a squarer face, with the male TE type having a squarer and wider face than that of both SoYang (SY) and SoEum (SE) types. Male TE type has longer eyes than that of the SE type, and the lower face of the female TE type is longer than that of the SY type. PAR, WHR, CJWR, and eye size had associations with BMI, and the magnitude of correlation of CJWR in Korean men were twofold higher than that of the Caucasian and African men. BMI and facial metrics including PAR, WHR, CJWR, and eye size were good predictors for TE type, and the most parsimonious model for TE typing included BMI and CJWR with high predictive performances.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body Mass Index and Facial Cues in Sasang Typology for Young and Elderly Persons

Pham

et al. 2011

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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“…In an effort to establish a quantitative standard for SC diagnosis, many recent studies have attempted to analyze the facial features of each SC type using objective methods 17, 18, 19, 20. Yun 17 divided 1035 participants into six subgroups according to age and gender and identified significant facial features for each group among 629 feature candidates; the participants were recruited from two oriental hospitals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Sasang constitutional types using facial features with compensation for photographic distance

Jang

et al. 2012

Integrative Medicine Research

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BackgroundFacial features are regarded as representative and reliable characteristics for diagnosing a person's Sasang Constitution (SC). However, the description of these features tends to depend on the interpretation and the opinion of the doctor that follows the SC approach. In this paper, we performed a facial feature analysis of SC types in an objective and quantitative manner. Here, site-to-site variability can be an obstacle to properly analyzing facial features when images are taken from various sites, which may have different experimental environments. A compensation technique to reduce the site-to-site variability was proposed before performing the feature analysis.MethodsThe frontal and profile images of 1464 patients recruited from various oriental medical clinics (19 sites) were used. Candidate feature variables were created, which were inspired by the facial characteristics of the SC types described in the Sasang constitutional medicine literature. To resolve the problems involved in processing data collected from various sites with heterogeneous experimental environments, a compensation technique was proposed. Statistical analysis techniques were employed to observe the differences among the SC types and to demonstrate how effectively the site-to-site variability was reduced.ResultsThe facial features that were significant for diagnosing the SC types were identified by a statistical analysis, and it was verified that the compensation technique reduced the site-to-site variability produced by the differences in photographic distance.ConclusionIt is noted that the significant facial features represent common characteristics of each SC type in the sense that we collected extensive opinions from many Sasang constitutional medicine doctors with various points of view. Additionally, a compensation method for the photographic distance is needed to find the significant facial features. We expect these findings and the related compensation technique to contribute to establishing a scientific basis for the precise diagnosis of SC types in clinical practice.

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“…Based on an identified feature point from a side- and front-face image, we obtained features such as distance, distance ratios, angle, and area from forehead, nose, mouth, face shape, and eye [20]. Doctors designated the feature points (Figure 1).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Method of Diagnosing Constitutional Types Based on Vocal and Facial Features for Personalized Medicine

Lee

Park

et al. 2012

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology

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The aim of the present study is to develop an accurate constitution diagnostic method based solely on the individual's physical characteristics, irrespective of psychologic traits, characteristics of clinical medicine, and genetic factors. In this paper, we suggest a novel method for diagnosing constitutional types using only speech and face characteristics. Based on 514 subjects, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) values of classification models in age and gender groups ranged from 0.64 to 0.89. We identified significant features showing statistical differences among three constitutional types by performing statistical analysis. Also, we selected a compact and discriminative feature subset for constitution diagnosis in each age and gender group. Our method may support the direction of improved diagnosis prediction and will serve to develop a personal and automatic constitution diagnosis software for improvement of the effectiveness of prescribed medications and development of personalized medicine.

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Feature Selection from a Facial Image for Distinction of Sasang Constitution

Cited by 19 publications

References 5 publications

Body Mass Index and Facial Cues in Sasang Typology for Young and Elderly Persons

Body Mass Index and Facial Cues in Sasang Typology for Young and Elderly Persons

Analysis of Sasang constitutional types using facial features with compensation for photographic distance

A New Method of Diagnosing Constitutional Types Based on Vocal and Facial Features for Personalized Medicine

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