Features of anti‐inflammatory effects of modulated extremely high‐frequency electromagnetic radiation

Abstract

Using a model of acute zymosan-induced paw edema in NMRI mice, we test the hypothesis that anti-inflammatory effects of extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation (EHF EMR) can be essentially modified by application of pulse modulation with certain frequencies. It has been revealed that a single exposure of animals to continuous EHF EMR for 20 min reduced the exudative edema of inflamed paw on average by 19% at intensities of 0.1-0.7 mW/cm(2) and frequencies from the range of 42.2-42.6 GHz. At fixed effective carrier frequency of 42.2 GHz, the anti-inflammatory effect of EHF EMR did not depend on modulation frequencies, that is, application of different modulation frequencies from the range of 0.03-100 Hz did not lead to considerable changes in the effect level. On the contrary, at "ineffective" carrier frequencies of 43.0 and 61.22 GHz, the use of modulation frequencies of 0.07-0.1 and 20-30 Hz has allowed us to restore the effect up to a maximal level. The results obtained show the critical dependence of anti-inflammatory action of low-intensity EHF EMR on carrier and modulation frequencies. Within the framework of this study, the possibility of changing the level of expected biological effect of modulated EMR by a special selection of combination of carrier and modulation frequencies is confirmed.

Modifying effects of low-intensity extremely high-frequency electromagnetic radiation on content and composition of fatty acids in thymus of mice exposed to X-rays

“…To eliminate the interference in the plane of an exposed object, an effective multilayer absorbent was placed between the animal container and the floor; therefore, the conditions of exposure were close to free-field conditions. We used the exposure conditions and parameters of EHF EMR whose high efficacy has been shown previously (Gapeyev et al 2009;Gapeyev et al 2014): carrier frequency of 42.2 GHz, incident power density (IPD) of 0.1 mW/cm 2 , pulse modulation by a meander signal, a positively defined rectangular wave signal with 50% duty factor, at fixed frequency of 1 Hz. The frequency of the output signal was controlled by a CH2-25 wavemeter (Istok).…”

Hydrogen peroxide induced by modulated electromagnetic radiation protects the cells from DNA damage

“…To eliminate the interference in the plane of an exposed object, an effective multilayer absorbent was placed between the slides and the table; therefore, the conditions of exposure were close to free-field conditions. Exposure conditions and parameters of EHF EMR whose high efficacy has been shown previously [7] were used: carrier frequency of 42.2 GHz, incident power density of 0.1 mW/cm 2 , continuous generation mode or pulse modulation by a meander signal, a positively defined rectangular wave signal with 50% duty factor, at fixed frequency of 1 Hz. Dosimetric tests were conducted as described earlier [9,10]; the surface specific absorption rate was about 1.5 W/kg at an incident power density of 0.1 mW/cm 2 .…”

“…We have shown that the exposure of animals with local and systemic inflammation to EHF EMR with certain physical parameters induced pronounced anti-inflammatory effects [6,7]. The anti-inflammatory effects of EHF EMR were accompanied with significant decrease in DNA damage of peripheral blood leukocytes and neutrophils [8].…”

The role of cell hydration in realization of biological effects of non-ionizing radiation (NIR)

“…As the biological effects of NIR can also be recorded at intensities much less than their thermal threshold (Adey, 1981;Devyatkov, 1973;Gapeyev et al, 2009;Grigoryev, 2012;Kaczmarek, 2006;Markov, 2004;Movasaghi et al, 2007), these effects cannot be explained by hypothesis from the point of the classical thermodynamic characteristics of NIR (Binhi and Rubin, 2007;Foster, 2006). Because of this, the elucidation of the mechanism of biological effects of NIR on cells and organisms still remains as one of the core problems of modern magnetobiology.…”