Features of Growing Carrots in the Open Soil of the Right Forest Steppe

Abstract

Data on the cultivation of carrot varieties and hybrids in open ground conditions with biometric indicators, yield and quality biochemical values are presented. The research was conducted in 2023-2024 using carrot varieties: Karlena, Chantane Red Core, Long Red, Yaskrava, Campino and hybrids Bolivar F1, Abaco F1, Charisma F1, Canada F1. Karlena plants and plants of the hybrid Abaco F1 served as controls among the mordant varieties. Biometric indicators of carrots depended on the varietal characteristics of the plant. The largest mass of the root crop in the open ground was established for the cultivation of the Campina carrot variety, where its value was 210 g. At the same time, if proper technology is observed in the open ground, the root crop of the Karlena variety can increase to 21 cm, and the diameter of the root crop in the Shantane Red Core and Campina varieties increases by 18 and 20%, by 1.0-1.1 times for Long Red and Yaskrava varieties. The height of the above-ground part of the plant and the height of the plant with the root crop exceed the value of the Karlena variety by 1.8-2 times and 1.3-1.5 times, respectively. Among the hybrids, the Bolivar F1 hybrid was characterized by the largest root mass with a value of 175 g, the longest root was obtained from the Abaco F1 hybrid. The researched varieties are divided into two groups by yield: high-yielding and medium-yielding varieties. The first group includes the Yaskrava and Campina varieties, in which the yield is 75-83 t/ha. Chantane Red Core and Long Red varieties belong to the second group of varieties, where the yield increases by only 18% for Shantane Red Core and 31% for Long Red. As a result of growing the Bolivar F1 hybrid, the yield increases by 3 t/ha. The most dry matter, crude protein and sugar can be obtained by growing the Karlena variety - 17.55%, 2.24% and 10.11%, respectively, and the Dovga red and Yaskrava varieties with lower indicators. Among the carrot hybrids, the Abaco F1 hybrid is characterized by the highest value of dry matter - 14.15% and protein content of 2.18%. At the same time, the roots of the hybrids Abaco F1 and Canada F1 are characterized by a high sugar content, where the value of sugar was 7.87 and 7.92%, respectively, and ash - hybrids Abaco F1 and Charisma F1.