Features of Myocardial Reorganization Under Hypothermal Exposure: Literature Review

Abstract

The presented review covers the literature on the subject of the influence of cold as an irritant factor on the heart and the subsequent posthypothermic period. In doing so, the emerging adaptive responses are the most important aspect, as they will be of practical importance later on. This is due to the fact that every resident of the Russian Federation faced once or constantly is exposed to such a dangerous indicator as exposure to low temperatures: not only because of living in the Northern regions with seasonal hypothermia environment, but also because of socioeconomic factors. In the main, it is manifested by a violation of the maintenance of adequate metabolism and normal functioning of the organ. Relevance of research in this area is confirmed by statistical data showing the number of deaths from fatal cold trauma. Although this topic has been studied for a long time, there remain many "gaps" due to insufficient study of histological studies. The heart is exposed to hypothermia in the first place: it is associated with changes in the blood system when the ambient temperature decreases, which has a direct impact on cardiomyocytes. Thus, the effect of low temperatures on the heart muscle requires further study by the experimental method.