Features of Nanoporous Carbon Material Synthesis

Abstract

Creation of innovative products and technological breakthrough – phrases most often used in relation to objects located in the nanoscale area. Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) of various morphologies and structures, which include nanotubes, graphene, nanoporous carbon, are one of the most studied materials of the nanotechnology industry at present. This is due primarily to the fact that their physico-mechanical and physico-chemical characteristics have a direct effect on the final product. At the same time, for a number of applications, the best performance is achieved at the highest possible values of specific surface parameters and porosity. Methods and an experimental technology for producing micro- and mesoporous carbon material have been developed. Depending on the feedstock and technological synthesis modes, a nanoporous carbon material is obtained with a predominance of micro- or mesopores, with a BET specific surface area in the range of 2000–4000 m2/g. The technology includes carbonization of the starting materials and subsequent chemical activation. The obtained activated carbon material can be used as sorbents for gaseous media, both in purification systems and as gas batteries for safe storage and transportation systems, as well as for solving a number of environmental problems.

Features of the technology for producing nanoporous carbon material

“…Используемая технология получения нанопористого углерода включает в себя подготовку исходного сырья (карбонизацию) и химическую активацию гидроксидом калия (КОН). В зависимости от применяемого сырья и технологических режимов получаются активированные углеродные материалы с высокоразвитой нанопористой поверхностью с преобладанием микро-или мезопор [13][14][15].…”

“…с разным процентным соотношением. Емкость закрывалась крышкой для исключения сообщения с атмосферой и помещалась в сушильный шкаф, где происходил ступенчатый нагрев до 140 °С и 160 °С с выдержкой на каждой ступени по 4 часа и 8 часов при температуре 300 °С [14].…”