Features of Naturalization of Invasive Fraction of Flora in the Voronezh Region and in Some Regions of the European Part of Russia

Abstract

The article is about naturalization features of invasive fraction of flora in Voronezh and some other regions of the European part of Russia. The summary table represents ЭКОЛОГИЯ И ПРИРОДОПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ ISSN 2306-4153. Вестн. Волгогр. гос. ун-та. Сер. 11, Естеств. науки. 2015. № 3 (13) all invasive and potentially invasive plants of the European part of Russia with their level of naturalization (or invasive status). Invasive fraction of flora in the Voronezh region numbers 120 plants. All of them are on different stages of naturalization process in an anthropogenic areal. Invasive plants represent by agriophyts-41 (34,1 %) species, epecophyts-75 (62,5 %) species and colonophyts-epecophyts-4 (3,4 %) species. Totally there are 201 species of invasive and potentially invasive plants spread within European part of Russia (Northern-West Russia, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Tver, and Voronezh regions). They formed the "black list" of European Russia. 10 species are common to all invasive fractions. These are Acer negundo, Amelanchier x spicata, Aster x salignus, Echinocystis lobata, Elodea canadensis, Heracleum sosnowskyi, Impatiens glandulifera, Impatiens parviflora, Juncus tenuis и Lupinus polyphyllus. The analysis of the general list of invasive fractions of European Russia shows that 120 species of the list are invasive or potentially invasive in the Voronezh region (100 and 20 species in accordance), adventives naturalized species-31, native species-19, archaeophyts-2, apophyts-4. 26 species from the list were not found in the Voronezh region. Apparently, the region is a transit area for many invasive plants, which migrate from South to North, from East to West etc. Not only its natural and climatic potential, but also high level of transformation of local landscapes enabled immigrant-plants to naturalize within the bounds of the region. Furthermore, for many years the Voronezh region was the center of introduction of alien plants. Many of those became a part of invasion fraction of regional flora. In recent decades green building took place of public policy of introduction. A lot of landscaping firms work with not native species. They offer them in a great variety for citizens. In case of introduction, some of these species could become invasive.

Germination bi­ology of Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (Vi­taceae)

“…P. quinquefolia is native to North America (Canada, the USA and Mexico) and Central America. It has been widely introduced as an ornamental creeper and can be found naturalized in Europe (Oprea & Sîrbu 2006;Petrović et al 2013;Maslo 2014;Vladimirov & Grigorievskaya 2015), tropical and temperate Asia, southern Africa, and Australia (GRIIS 2017;USDA-NRCS 2017). Preliminary results of our field study in all biogeographical zones of Ukraine did not confirm cases of naturalization of P. quinquefolia s.str.…”

“…in semi-natural and natural habitats (Kalista & Kovalenko 2018). Nevertheless, a question about the possibility of invasion of this species onto the territory of Ukraine is still open due to uncompleted data about its distribution and described cases of invasion in natural habitats in nearby Russian Federation (Vladimirov & Grigorievskaya 2015). P. vitacea are morphologically and genetically similar to P. quinquefolia with overlapping distribution (Nie et al 2010).…”