Features of skin care for feet in patients with diabetes and diabetic neuropathy: the role of dexpanthenol

Abstract

The feet have an increased load, they are often injured, especially with diabetes. Because of the violation of innervation, patients do not notice minor injuries: abrasions, bruises, cracks, cuts. Because of the circulatory disorders associated with diabetes, the protective function of tissues decreases, and the smallest injury can lead to the formation of a long-term wound that does not heal, which turns into an ulcer when infected. Despite advances in the study of the pathogenesis of diabetes and its complications, diabetic foot ulcers are difficult to treat, can recur, and lead to amputations of the lower limbs. The main reason for pathological dryness of the foot skin in diabetes is dysfunction of the sweat glands of the skin of feet due to diabetic neuropathy. Regular skin care with specially selected products can help restore and improve the barrier function of the skin, as well as increase the moisture level of the stratum corneum. Adequate skin hydration reduces itching and the risk of infection if the skin is damaged. In most patients with diabetes, conventional cosmetics slowly eliminate dry skin of the feet. In addition, traditional remedies contain a large amount of oils and can cause unpleasant sensations, which often causes rejection of their use. In patients with DM, it is desirable to use drugs that quickly and effectively eliminate dryness and cracks. Treatment of dry skin is indicated as a prevention of diabetic foot syndrome. Taking into account the fact that the skin of patients with diabetes mellitus has a low level of humidity, we recommend daily care using moisturizing or nourishing creams or lotions. Some studies have confirmed that the use of external dry skin care products containing dexpanthenol improves the protective function of the skin, increasing the hydration of the stratum corneum.