Features of the exponential form of internal heat generation, Cattaneo–Christov heat theory on water‐based graphene–CNT–titanium ternary hybrid nanofluid flow

Abstract

To increase energy efficiency, the flow of fluids containing nanoparticles is crucial in industrial applications notably in nuclear reactors and nuclear system cooling. In light of this, this study examines the flow of a water‐based ternary hybrid nanofluid (graphene, single‐walled carbon nanotubes, and titanium dioxide) across a curved stretching sheet with suction. The non‐Fourier heat flux model is also considered in the modeling. The existing partial differential equations are converted into ordinary differential equations through the use of similarity variables. These ordinary differential equations are then numerically solved using the Runge–Kutta–Fehlberg fourth‐ and fifth‐order method along with a shooting approach. The collection of graphical findings for the key variables on the temperature and velocity profiles is investigated. Results reveal that the heat transport in ternary hybrid nanoliquid rises as the heat source/sink parameter rises. The Biot number influences the thermal profile positively, whereas the increasing curvature parameter values reduce heat transport. The curvature parameter has a positive impact on skin friction but the suction parameter has a negative impact on skin friction.

Mathematical Model and Stability Analysis for Dusty-hybrid Nanofluid over a Curved Surface with Cattaneo–Christov Heat Flux and Fourier law with Slip Effect

“…Madhukesh et al [4] studied the buoyancy effect in dual flow using titanium oxide, Ag, and 23 Al O using water as a host fluid over contracting sheet. The exponential flow of hybrid nanofluid with inters heat using Cattaneo-Christov heat model was inspected by Nagapavani et al [5]. Haq et al [6] explored the influence of hybrid nanofluid utilizing different geometries under the influence of homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions.…”

Comparative appraisal of mono and hybrid nanofluid flows comprising carbon nanotubes over a three-dimensional surface impacted by Cattaneo–Christov heat flux

“…The outcomes disclosed that equal distribution of the fluid in the microchannel results in the highest heat transfer rate. Some recent explorations discussing the role of CNTs in nano/hybrid nanofluid flows may be found in 7 – 10 .…”