Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment

Abenavoli, Ludovico; Maurizi, Valentina; Rinninella, Emanuele; Tack, Jan; Berardino, Arianna Di; Santori, Pierangelo; Rasetti, Carlo; Procopio, Anna; Boccuto, Luigi; Scarpellini, Emidio

doi:10.3390/medicina58111559

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…The intestinal metabolism of bile acids is essential for the gut–liver axis in NAFLD pathophysiology due to its interaction with the hepatic and intestinal farnesoid nuclear X receptor (FXR) [ 41 , 42 ]. A dysfunctional bile acid metabolism fails to activate the FXR and leads to increased lipogenesis, bile acid synthesis, and immune activation [ 43 ].…”

Section: Probiotics and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Insights into Probiotics and Hepatobiliary Diseases

Xu,

Zhang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Hepatobiliary diseases have a high prevalence worldwide, with a wide range of diseases involved in the liver and biliary system. Modifications in gut microbiota have been proven to have an association with unbalanced intestinal homeostasis and the dysfunction of host metabolism and the immune system, which can be the risk factors for many hepatobiliary diseases, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcoholic liver disease (ALD), nonalcoholic fatty steatohepatitis (NASH), hepatitis, cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholestasis, as well as infection due to liver transplantation. Probiotics are commonly used gut microbiota-targeted strategies to treat dysbiosis and intestinal dysfunction, as well as the gut–liver axis, which can enhance the effectiveness of probiotics in the management of liver diseases. Recent studies have explored more potential single or mixed strains of probiotics, and bioinformatics methods can be used to investigate the potential mechanisms of probiotics on liver diseases. In this review, we summarize the preclinical and clinical studies on the role of probiotics in hepatobiliary diseases from 2018 to 2023, revealing the possible mechanism of probiotics in the treatment of hepatobiliary diseases and discussing the limitations of probiotics in treating hepatobiliary diseases. This review provides updated evidence for the development of probiotic products, exploration of new probiotic strains, and support for clinical studies. Further studies should focus on the safety, viability, and stability of probiotics, as well as medication dosage and duration in clinical practice.

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Section: Probiotics and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Updated Insights into Probiotics and Hepatobiliary Diseases

Xu,

Zhang,

Tang

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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show abstract

“…However, it does not come to a clear and substantial conclusion whether these agents generate significant clinical improvement in NAFLD patients. Moreover, data on adverse effects links to the use of probiotics[ 43 ]. These issues have paved the road for FMT application in NAFLD treatment, which is expected to yield better clinical efficacy and less side effects.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Fmt For Nafldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Mechanism, clinical evidence, and prospect

Qiu,

Cheng,

Liu

et al. 2024

World J Gastroenterol

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The population of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients along with relevant advanced liver disease is projected to continue growing, because currently no medications are approved for treatment. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is believed a novel and promising therapeutic approach based on the concept of the gut-liver axis in liver disease. There has been an increase in the number of pre-clinical and clinical studies evaluating FMT in NAFLD treatment, however, existing findings diverge on its effects. Herein, we briefly summarized the mechanism of FMT for NAFLD treatment, reviewed randomized controlled trials for evaluating its efficacy in NAFLD, and proposed the prospect of future trials on FMT.

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“…Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is an emerging and underexplored approach to restoring the gut microbiota to a balanced state ( Ooijevaar et al, 2019 ). FMT offers a broader spectrum of intestinal symbiotic bacteria and has been extensively utilized in the treatment of chronic liver disease ( Abenavoli et al, 2022 ). FMT significantly suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokines that associated with M1 macrophages, activates anti-inflammatory cytokines of IL-4 and IL-22 related to M2 macrophages meanwhile, thereby collectively improves hepatic histopathological manifestations in NAFLD mice ( Zhou et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Gut Microbes Directly and Indirectly Regulate Hepatic Microp...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbe and hepatic macrophage polarization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Chen,

Gan,

Zhong

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic hepatic disorder with the potential to progress to hepatic fibrosis, hepatic cirrhosis, and even hepatocellular carcinoma. Activation of hepatic macrophages, important innate immune cells predominantly composed of Kupffer cells, plays a pivotal role in NAFLD initiation and progression. Recent findings have underscored the regulatory role of microbes in both local and distal immune responses, including in the liver, emphasizing their contribution to NAFLD initiation and progression. Key studies have further revealed that gut microbes can penetrate the intestinal mucosa and translocate to the liver, thereby directly influencing hepatic macrophage polarization and NAFLD progression. In this review, we discuss recent evidence regarding the translocation of intestinal microbes into the liver, as well as their impact on hepatic macrophage polarization and associated cellular and molecular signaling pathways. Additionally, we summarize the potential mechanisms by which translocated microbes may activate hepatic macrophages and accelerate NAFLD progression.

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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation in NAFLD Treatment

Cited by 28 publications

References 72 publications

Updated Insights into Probiotics and Hepatobiliary Diseases

Updated Insights into Probiotics and Hepatobiliary Diseases

Fecal microbiota transplantation for treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Mechanism, clinical evidence, and prospect

Gut microbe and hepatic macrophage polarization in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

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