Feed Composition for Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment Process

Barnes, Charles M.

doi:10.2172/776478

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…The excess IPA fed to the reactor (regardless of the actual reaction mechanism), may be reformed by the steam or pyrolyzed by the temperature to form other compounds, including carbon monoxide, methane, and hydrogen. Examples are given in Equations (2)(3)(4)(5) through (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7). Other radicals and recombination products are possible and the water-gas shift reaction would be responsible for depleting the carbon monoxide and generating more hydrogen as seen in Equation 2-1.…”

Section: Twr/mtci Reforming Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phase 2 TWR Steam Reforming Test for Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment

Soelberg¹,

Marshall²,

Taylor³

et al. 2004

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About one million gallons of acidic, hazardous, and radioactive sodiumbearing waste (SBW) is stored in stainless steel tanks a the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), which is a major operating facility of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). Steam reforming is a candidate technology being investigated for converting the SBW into a road ready waste form that can be shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico for interment. For Phase 2, the process feed rate, reductant stoichiometry, and process temperature were varied to identify and demonstrate how the process might be optimized to improve operation and product characteristics. The first week of testing was devoted primarily to process chemistry and the second week was devoted more toward bed stability and particle size control.iii iv EXECUTIVE SUMMARYAbout one million gallons of acidic, hazardous and radioactive, sodium-bearing waste (SBW) is stored in stainless steel tanks at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center (INTEC), which is a major operating facility of the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). Steam reforming is a candidate technology being investigated for treatment of the SBW into a road ready waste form that can be shipped to the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant in New Mexico for interment.Fluidized bed steam reforming technology, licensed to ThermoChem Waste Remediation, LLC (TWR) by Manufacturing Technology Conversion International (MTCI), was tested in two phases using an INEEL (Department of Energy) fluidized bed test system. This first phase of tests showed that SBW could be successfully converted into an alkali carbonate powder without serious agglomeration, but the emphasis was on process viability and reliability rather than on production and optimization.Phase 2 tests were performed in October 2003 to evaluate the MTCI process under a wider range of conditions and using a more efficient liquid reductant. The process feed rate, reductant stoichiometry, and process temperature were varied to identify and demonstrate how the process might be optimized to improve operation and product characteristics. The tests also demonstrated the performance of a Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT)-compliant off-gas system. TWR participated in the Phase 2 tests to ensure that the tests satisfactorily represented the MTCI technology to the extent possible. During test planning stages, TWR provided recommendations for process chemistry modifications and reviewed test objectives. Under subcontract to the INEEL, TWR personnel observed the test series, provided consultation and recommendations during the tests, and produced an observation report for INEEL. Test Accomplishments, Conclusions, and RecommendationsThe MTCI steam reforming process provides a thermal and reactive environment to evaporate the liquid SBW simulant feed to a dry, granular product and destroy nitrates in the feed and NO x evolved from those nitrates. The product is a water-...

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Section: Twr/mtci Reforming Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WM-180 is expected to contain about 0.23 grams of undissolved solids (UDS) per liter of solution (Barnes 2001). This is among the lowest concentrations of UDS among the SBW tanks.…”

Section: Sbw Simulant Compositionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase 2 TWR Steam Reforming Test for Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment

Soelberg¹,

Marshall²,

Taylor³

et al. 2004

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“…A complete description of the feed composition for the SBW treatment process can be found in report INEEL/EXT-2000-01378, Revision 2 (Barnes and Millet 2003). This report presents the most recent compilation of volumes and compositions of the feed streams to the four proposed alternative treatment processes.…”

Section: Sbw Problem Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tank Solids Characterization (H): Tank sampling is needed to better determine the quantity, transport properties, and composition of tank solids (Barnes and Millet 2003).…”

Section: Uncertainties Common To Calcination Steam Reforming and DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment, Applied Technology Plan

Lauerhass¹,

Maio²,

Merrill³

et al. 2003

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The Settlement Agreement between the Department of Energy and the State of Idaho mandates treatment of sodium-bearing waste at the Idaho Nuclear Technology and Engineering Center within the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory. One of the requirements of the Settlement Agreement is to complete treatment of sodium-bearing waste by December 31, 2012. Applied technology activities are required to provide the data necessary to complete conceptual design of four identified alternative processes and to select the preferred alternative. To provide a technically defensible path forward for the selection of a treatment process and for the collection of needed data, an applied technology plan is required. This document presents that plan, identifying key elements of the decision process and the steps necessary to obtain the required data in support of both the decision and the conceptual design.The Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment Applied Technology Plan has been prepared to provide a description/roadmap of the treatment alternative selection process. The plan details the results of risk analyzes and the resulting prioritized uncertainties. It presents a high-level flow diagram governing the technology decision process, as well as detailed roadmaps for each technology. The roadmaps describe the technical steps necessary in obtaining data to quantify and reduce the technical uncertainties associated with each alternative treatment process. This plan also describes the final products that will be delivered to the Department of Energy Idaho Operations Office in support of the office's selection of the final treatment technology.iii CONTENTS ABSTRACT

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“…Mass balance results provided by the model were transferred to a spreadsheet and the grouped species were separated back into individual components. The list of minor species treated in this way is provided in Barnes et al (2002).…”

Section: Process Representation In Aspen Plusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steady-State Simulation of Steam Reforming of INEEL Tank Farm Waste

Nichols¹,

Taylor²,

Wood³

et al. 2002

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A steady-state model of the Sodium-Bearing Waste steam reforming process at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory has been performed using the commercial ASPEN Plus process simulator. The preliminary process configuration and its representation in ASPEN are described. An assessment of the capability of the model to mechanistically predict product stream compositions was made, and fidelity gaps and opportunities for model enhancement were identified, resulting in the following conclusions: 1) Appreciable benefit is derived from using an activity coefficient model for electrolyte solution thermodynamics rather than assuming ideality (unity assumed for all activity coefficients). The concentrations of fifteen per cent of the species present in the primary output stream were changed by more than 50%, relative to Electrolyte NRTL, when ideality was assumed; 2) The current baseline model provides a good start for estimating mass balances and performing integrated process optimization because it contains several key species, uses a mechanistic electrolyte thermodynamic model, and is based on a reasonable process configuration; and 3) Appreciable improvement to model fidelity can be realized by expanding the species list and the list of chemical and phase transformations. A path forward is proposed focusing on the use of an improved electrolyte thermodynamic property method, addition of chemical and phase transformations for key species currently absent from the model, and the combination of RGibbs and Flash blocks to simulate simultaneous phase and chemical equilibria in the off-gas treatment train. iv v CONTENTS

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Feed Composition for Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment Process

Cited by 11 publications

References 1 publication

Phase 2 TWR Steam Reforming Test for Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment

Phase 2 TWR Steam Reforming Test for Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment

Sodium-Bearing Waste Treatment, Applied Technology Plan

Steady-State Simulation of Steam Reforming of INEEL Tank Farm Waste

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