Feed intake, rumen fermentation and performance of dairy cows fed diets formulated at two starch concentrations with either conventional urea or slow-release urea

Heidari, Mohammad; Ghorbani, G.R.; Hashemzadeh, F.; Ghasemi, Erfan; Panahi, Amin; Rafiee, H.

doi:10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115366

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 48 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The first 200 mL of fluid pumped out was discarded, and the subsequent was filtered with 4 layers of cheesecloth and immediately after filtration pH was analyzed with a portable pH meter (HI 8318; Hanna Instruments, Cluj-Napoca, Romania). After that, two ruminal fluid subsamples were taken and mixed with chilled 25% (wt/vol) metaphosphoric acid (H 3 PO 4 ) and stored at -20°C for later determination of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and NH 3 -N (Heidari et al, 2022). After thawing, the colorimetric phenol-hypochlorite method was used to determine NH 3 -N concentration (Broderick and Kang, 1980).…”

Section: Sampling Measurements and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder addition during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid profile, and rumen fermentation parameters of Holstein cows

Moosavi‐Zadeh

Rahimi²,

Rafiee³

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionAromatic and herbal plants usage as feed additives have become a new tendency in dairy cows’ nutrition to enhance animal performance. This experiment was performed to study the effects of supplementing fennel seed powder (FSP) to diets during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid (FA) profile, and rumen fermentation of Holstein dairy cows.MethodsTwenty-four primiparous Holstein dairy cows (10 ± 3 d in milk, 30 ± 2.1 Kg of milk/d, 610 ± 31 Kg body weight; mean ± SE) were balanced for actual milk yield and calving date (n = 8 per treatment) in a complete randomized design. Animals were allocated randomly to diets containing 0 g/d (0FSP), 25 g/d (25FSP), or 50 g/d (50FSP) FSP, individually top-dressed over the total mixed ration. The experimental period was 45 d consisting of the first 15 d for adaptation and the final 30 d for data collection and sampling.Results and discussionDry matter intake responded quadratically to FSP feeding, and cows fed 25FP treatment had greater DMI than 0FSP treatment. The average ruminal pH value decreased linearly as FSP increased in diets. Ruminal valerate and isovalerate proportion increased linearly as FSP inclusion in diets increased, while acetate proportion decreased and acetate:propionate ratio tended to decrease linearly. Increasing FSP in diets linearly increased serum glucose, globulin, and total protein concentrations. Milk yield increased linearly as FSP inclusion in diets increased, whereas milk composition was unaffected. Increasing FSP in diets linearly increased de novo and mixed FA and decreased preformed FA in milk. Dietary treatments did not affect saturated FA, whereas unsaturated FA, mono and poly unsaturated FA linearly decreased with increasing FSP inclusion in diets. Moreover, the content of C18:0 tended to decrease, and C18:1 cis-9 decreased linearly as FSP inclusion increased. Also, increasing the FSP level in diets decreased linearly non-esterified fatty acids and acetone concentrations in the milk. It could be concluded that FSP addition at 50 g/d could enhance performance of early lactating cows.

show abstract

Section: Sampling Measurements and Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder addition during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid profile, and rumen fermentation parameters of Holstein cows

Moosavi‐Zadeh

Rahimi²,

Rafiee³

et al. 2023

Front. Anim. Sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Urea and nitrate poisoning as a source of non-protein nitrogen in ruminant diets: a review

Miranda,

Silva,

Cabral

et al. 2024

Cad. Pedagógico

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The inclusion of non-protein nitrogen (NPN) as a partial replacement for true proteins is economically viable and does not compete with human food. However, excessive consumption of NPN by ruminants can be lethal due to poisoning. In this sense, the aim of this review was to describe the use of NPN in ruminant feeding and the consequences of ammonia and nitrate poisoning, including the poisoning mechanisms, recommended levels, prevention measures and treatments. Urea and nitrate are sources of NPN, and the toxic components are ammonia and nitrite, respectively. Excessive consumption of urea increases the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia, surpassing the use by the rumen microbiota. When the absorption of ammonia into the bloodstream exceeds the liver's capacity to assimilate it into urea, acute intoxication occurs, damaging the central nervous system. Nitrate poisoning occurs when consuming contaminated forage or water. The rumen microbiota reduces nitrate to nitrite and, subsequently, to ammonia. However, when nitrite reduction exceeds ammonia reduction, nitrite is absorbed into the bloodstream and oxidizes the iron atom in hemoglobin, transforming it into methemoglobin, which loses its ability to transport oxygen to tissues. It is concluded that ammonia and nitrate poisoning is influenced by the content of rapidly fermenting carbohydrates. Therefore, attention to the quality of nutrition and herd management is recommended to prevent outbreaks of poisoning.

show abstract

Feed intake, rumen fermentation and performance of dairy cows fed diets formulated at two starch concentrations with either conventional urea or slow-release urea

Cited by 2 publications

References 48 publications

Effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder addition during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid profile, and rumen fermentation parameters of Holstein cows

Effects of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed powder addition during early lactation on performance, milk fatty acid profile, and rumen fermentation parameters of Holstein cows

Urea and nitrate poisoning as a source of non-protein nitrogen in ruminant diets: a review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About