Feedback between deglaciation, volcanism, and atmospheric CO2

Huybers, Peter; Langmuir, C. H.

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.07.014

Cited by 300 publications

(289 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…Postglacial rebound acts to reduce the pressure in the mantle, and this has been implicated in promoting terrestrial volcanism (Sigmundsson et al, 2010;Praetorius et al, 2016). Huybers and Langmuir (2009) argue that the CO 2 release associated with increased volcanism during the last deglaciation may have been sufficient to promote further ice melt, raising the possibility that glacial rebound, CO 2 release, and ice dynamics are part of a positive feedback loop. But postglacial rebound is not the only GIA-related process that affects the rate of CO 2 release: as the 780 ice sheets wax and wane this alters global mean sea level, and the resulting pressure changes at the seafloor are thought to be sufficient to perturb rates of decompression melting and submarine volcanism at mid-ocean ridges.…”

Section: Gia-climate Feedbacks 775mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Whitehouse¹

2018

Preprint

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Abstract. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) describes the response of the solid Earth, the gravitational field, and 5 consequently the oceans to the growth and decay of the global ice sheets. It is a process that takes place relatively rapidly, triggering 100 m-scale changes in sea level and solid Earth deformation over just a few tens of thousands of years. Indeed, the first-order effects of GIA could already be quantified several hundred years ago without reliance on precise measurement techniques and scientists have been developing a unifying theory for the observations for over 200 years. Progress towards this goal required a number of significant breakthroughs to be made, including the recognition that ice sheets were once 10 more extensive, the solid Earth changes shape over time, and gravity plays a central role in determining the pattern of sealevel change. This article describes in detail the historical development of the field of GIA and an overview of the processes involved. Significant recent progress has been made as concepts associated with GIA have begun to be incorporated into parallel fields of research; these advances are discussed, along with the role that GIA is likely to play in addressing outstanding research questions within the field of Earth system modelling. 15

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Section: Gia-climate Feedbacks 775mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was originally assumed that mid-ocean ridge volcanism would be supressed during periods of sea-level rise (i.e. during deglaciation) and this would act to counter the contemporaneous climatic effects of increased terrestrial volcanism (Huybers and Langmuir, 2009). …”

Section: Gia-climate Feedbacks 775mentioning

confidence: 99%

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Whitehouse¹

2018

Preprint

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“…This process reverses after recovery of the AMOC at the beginning of interglacials. Burley and Katz (2015) and Huybers and Langmuir (2009) proposed that the rate of volcanic outgassing varies during glacial cycle due to variable load of the ice sheet and ocean on the Earth crust. Therefore we assume that volcanic outgassing has a variable component (about 30 % of its averaged value of 5.3 Tmol yr −1 ), which represents the delayed response to the change in global ice volume.…”

Section: Additional Processes Included In the Carbon Cycle Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them are changes in the ocean circulation (Watson et al, 2015) and an increase in Southern Ocean stratification (e.g. Kobayashi et al, 2015), increase in sea ice area in the Southern Ocean (Stephens and Keeling, 2000) and a shift in the westerlies (Toggweiler et al, 2006), increase in nutrient inventory or change in the marine biota stoichiometry (Sigman and Boyle, 2000;Wallmann et al, 2016), changes in coral reefs accumulation and dissolution (Opdyke and Walker, 1992), accumulation of carbon in the permafrost regions (Ciais et al, 2012;Brovkin et al, 2016), variable volcanic outgassing (Huybers and Langmuir, 2009), and several other mechanisms. Most of these processes are not directly related to ice sheet area or volume, and thus should be considered as amplifiers or modifiers of the direct response of CO 2 to ice sheets operating through the climate-carbon cycle feedbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation of climate, ice sheets and CO<sub>2</sub> evolution during the last four glacial cycles with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity

2017

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Abstract. In spite of significant progress in paleoclimate reconstructions and modelling of different aspects of the past glacial cycles, the mechanisms which transform regional and seasonal variations in solar insolation into long-term and global-scale glacial-interglacial cycles are still not fully understood -in particular, in relation to CO 2 variability. Here using the Earth system model of intermediate complexity CLIMBER-2 we performed simulations of the coevolution of climate, ice sheets, and carbon cycle over the last 400 000 years using the orbital forcing as the only external forcing. The model simulates temporal dynamics of CO 2 , global ice volume, and other climate system characteristics in good agreement with paleoclimate reconstructions. These results provide strong support for the idea that long and strongly asymmetric glacial cycles of the late Quaternary represent a direct but strongly nonlinear response of the Northern Hemisphere ice sheets to orbital forcing. This response is strongly amplified and globalised by the carbon cycle feedbacks. Using simulations performed with the model in different configurations, we also analyse the role of individual processes and sensitivity to the choice of model parameters. While many features of simulated glacial cycles are rather robust, some details of CO 2 evolution, especially during glacial terminations, are sensitive to the choice of model parameters. Specifically, we found two major regimes of CO 2 changes during terminations: in the first one, when the recovery of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC) occurs only at the end of the termination, a pronounced overshoot in CO 2 concentration occurs at the beginning of the interglacial and CO 2 remains almost constant during the interglacial or even declines towards the end, resembling Eemian CO 2 dynamics. However, if the recovery of the AMOC occurs in the middle of the glacial termination, CO 2 concentration continues to rise during the interglacial, similar to the Holocene. We also discuss the potential contribution of the brine rejection mechanism for the CO 2 and carbon isotopes in the atmosphere and the ocean during the past glacial termination.

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“…These new observations also have important implications in studies of interactions between volcanoes and climate [11][12][13] . At present, more than 500 active volcanoes on Earth (Bone-third) are estimated to have at least seasonal snow/ice cover based on their elevations, latitudes and reported locations with respect to the existing glaciers 14,15 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation style controls lava–snow interactions

2014

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Understanding interactions between volcanic eruptions and the cryosphere (a.k.a. glaciovolcanism) is important for climate reconstructions as well as for hazard mitigation at ice-clad volcanoes. Here we present unique field observations of interactions between snowpack and advancing basaltic lava flows during the 2012-13 eruption at Tolbachik volcano, Kamchatka, Russia. Our observations show that lava-snow heat transfer is slow, and that styles of lava propagation control snowpack responses. 0 A 0 a and sheet lava flows advance in a rolling caterpillar-track motion on top of the rigid, snowpack substrate with minor lava-snow interaction. In contrast, pahoehoe lava propagates by inflation of lobes beneath/inside the snowpack, producing rigorous lava-snow interaction via meltwater percolation down into the incandescent lava causing production of voluminous steam, rapid surface cooling and thermal shock fragmentation. The textures produced by pahoehoe-snowpack interactions are distinctive and, where observed at other sites, can be used to infer syn-eruption seasonality and climatic conditions.

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Feedback between deglaciation, volcanism, and atmospheric CO2

Cited by 300 publications

References 98 publications

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Simulation of climate, ice sheets and CO<sub>2</sub> evolution during the last four glacial cycles with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity

Propagation style controls lava–snow interactions

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Feedback between deglaciation, volcanism, and atmospheric CO2

Cited by 300 publications

References 98 publications

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment modelling: historical perspectives, recent advances, and future directions

Simulation of climate, ice sheets and CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; evolution during the last four glacial cycles with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity

Propagation style controls lava–snow interactions

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Simulation of climate, ice sheets and CO<sub>2</sub> evolution during the last four glacial cycles with an Earth system model of intermediate complexity