Feedbacks Between Shallow Groundwater Dynamics and Surface Topography on Runoff Generation in Flat Fields

Appels, Willemijn M.; Bogaart, P.W.; Zee, S.E.A.T.M. van der

doi:10.1002/2017wr020727

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Soil water storage capacity enables catchments to attenuate climate perturbations through hydrological processes of retaining and releasing water (McNamara et al, 2011). The variation in groundwater storage regulates the storm water storage space and the antecedent soil wetness condition (Appels et al, 2017; Soylu et al, 2011; Troch et al, 1993), and it can exhibit both significant seasonal and inter‐annual variations because recharge from precipitation varies with time (Fan et al, 2007; Jasechko et al, 2014; McMillan & Srinivasan, 2015). Therefore, in order to fully capture the variation of daily streamflow, it is required to identify the impacts of climate variabilities at different timescales.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inter‐annual climate variability also has an impact on the monthly water balance by controlling the antecedent soil moisture through storage carryover (Chen, Alimohammadi, & Wang, 2013). Additionally, the number of rainfall events and the time intervals between rainfall events at the daily scale influence the monthly streamflow as well (Appels et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Roles of Climate Forcing and Its Variability on Streamflow at Daily, Monthly, Annual, and Long‐Term Scales

Yao

Libera

Kheimi

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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The temporal variability of precipitation and potential evapotranspiration affects streamflow from daily to long‐term scales, but the relative roles of different climate variabilities on streamflow at daily, monthly, annual, and mean annual scales have not been systematically investigated in the literature. This paper developed a new daily water balance model, which provides a unified framework for water balance across timescales. The daily water balance model is driven by four climate forcing scenarios (observed daily climate and observed daily climate with its intra‐monthly, intra‐annual, and inter‐annual variability removed) and applied to 78 catchments. Daily streamflow from the water balance model is aggregated to coarser timescales. The relative roles of intra‐monthly, intra‐annual, and inter‐annual climate variability are evaluated by comparing the modeled streamflow forced with the climate forcings at two consecutive timescales. It is found that daily, monthly, and annual streamflow is primarily controlled by the climate variability at the same timescale. Intra‐monthly climate variability plays a small role in monthly and annual streamflow variability. Intra‐annual climate variability has significant effects on streamflow at all the timescales, and the relative roles of inter‐annual climate variability are also significant to the monthly and mean annual streamflow, which is often disregarded. The quantitative evaluation of the roles of climate variability reveals how climate controls streamflow across timescales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Roles of Climate Forcing and Its Variability on Streamflow at Daily, Monthly, Annual, and Long‐Term Scales

Yao

Libera

Kheimi

et al. 2020

Water Resources Research

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“…We assume that both recharge and specific yield are uniform across the horizontal domain, and that their values obtained at x xL  /2 are a good indicator of their average values over the horizontal domain. Specific yield in an unsaturated zone in hydrostatic equilibrium is (Appels et al, 2017)…”

Section: Unsaturated Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Anticipatory Drainage Base Management for Groundwater Level Optimization

Craats

Zee

Leijnse

2021

Water Resources Research

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Artificial drainage systems are used worldwide to remove excess water or to ascertain sufficient leaching of salts in irrigated crop lands in (semi-)arid regions (van der Molen et al., 2007). Focusing on temperate climates, considerable areas of agricultural land (roughly 10% of the rain fed agriculture) are drained via surface or subsurface measures (Smedema et al., 2004). An often used method is subsurface installation of corrugated tile drains, for example in the US and Europe (e.g., Schilling et al., 2015;Sloan et al., 2016). These drainage systems lower the field scale groundwater level, which ensures sufficient oxygen supply to crop roots, trafficability and many other benefits for crop growth optimization (Skaggs, Fausey, & Evans, 2012;Sloan et al., 2016). Agricultural production has benefitted greatly from improved drainage (Smedema et al., 2004). However, the focus regarding tile drainage in the temperate zone has also shifted toward its negative side effects such as eutrophication of surface water with N and P due to shorter groundwater travel times, changing hydrological behavior on a catchment scale and changing (aquatic) ecosystems (Ross et al., 2016;Schilling et al., 2015;Sloan et al., 2016). Also over-drainage frequently occurs, if too much water is drained from the soil during wet periods. Soil water storage is then depleted much faster during the following growing season, which results in crop water shortage (Smedema et al., 2004). The problem of over-drainage will likely become more prominent in some of the mid-latitude regions with the tendency toward drier summers, in combination with more extreme and irregular precipitation events (Rowell, 2009;Spinoni et al., 2018).Changes to the drainage system can be adopted to limit adverse effects of artificial drainage. Instead of employing a fixed drainage base, which for a regular drainage system is the drain installation depth, the drainage base could be allowed to fluctuate by placing control structures at drainage system outlets. This allows to choose for a reduction or complete cessation of water and nutrient discharge via drains toward surface waters. This practice is referred to as controlled drainage (CD) or drain water management (DWM) (Ross et al., 2016;Skaggs, Fausey, & Evans, 2012), as opposed to free flowing, regular drainage (RD). Controlled drainage is increasingly being implemented in the US and Europe (Ross et al., 2016). An overview by Ross et al. (2016) shows that total drain water outflow is on average reduced by nearly 50% using controlled drainage (based on 17 studies in the US) as compared to regular drainage. This is in agreement with values mentioned by Skaggs, Fausey, and Evans (2012), that range from 18% to 85% reduction, as well as with values reported in several other studies (e.g.,

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“…Results indicate that groundwater has little impact on soil moisture in deep groundwater regions, however, in districts with shallow groundwater-such as wetlands and river valleys-groundwater can become a major source of soil water [3][4][5]. The groundwater table depths and hydraulic gradients between saturated and unsaturated soils can cause capillary rise and make groundwater a constant water supply, leading to altered runoff and evaporation rates [6,7]. The land surface energy balance is affected by soil moisture states and land surface temperature [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Importance of Subsurface Processes in Land Surface Modeling over a Temperate Region: An Analysis with SMAP, Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing and Triple Collocation Analysis

et al. 2021

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Land surface models (LSMs) simulate water and energy cycles at the atmosphere–soil interface, however, the physical processes in the subsurface are typically oversimplified and lateral water movement is neglected. Here, a cross-evaluation of land surface model results (with and without lateral flow processes), the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) mission soil moisture product, and cosmic-ray neutron sensor (CRNS) measurements is carried out over a temperate climate region with cropland and forests over western Germany. Besides a traditional land surface model (the Community Land Model (CLM) version 3.5), a coupled land surface-subsurface model (CLM-ParFlow) is applied. Compared to CLM stand-alone simulations, the coupled CLM-ParFlow model considered both vertical and lateral water movement. In addition to standard validation metrics, a triple collocation (TC) analysis has been performed to help understanding the random error variances of different soil moisture datasets. In this study, it is found that the three soil moisture datasets are consistent. The coupled and uncoupled model simulations were evaluated at CRNS sites and the coupled model simulations showed less bias than the CLM-standalone model (−0.02 cm3 cm−3 vs. 0.07 cm3 cm−3), similar random errors, but a slightly smaller correlation with the measurements (0.67 vs. 0.71). The TC-analysis showed that CLM-ParFlow reproduced better soil moisture dynamics than CLM stand alone and with a higher signal-to-noise ratio. This suggests that the representation of subsurface physics is of major importance in land surface modeling and that coupled land surface-subsurface modeling is of high interest.

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Feedbacks Between Shallow Groundwater Dynamics and Surface Topography on Runoff Generation in Flat Fields

Cited by 17 publications

References 46 publications

The Roles of Climate Forcing and Its Variability on Streamflow at Daily, Monthly, Annual, and Long‐Term Scales

The Roles of Climate Forcing and Its Variability on Streamflow at Daily, Monthly, Annual, and Long‐Term Scales

Anticipatory Drainage Base Management for Groundwater Level Optimization

The Importance of Subsurface Processes in Land Surface Modeling over a Temperate Region: An Analysis with SMAP, Cosmic Ray Neutron Sensing and Triple Collocation Analysis

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