Feeding an Elemental Diet <i>vs</i> a Milk‐Based Formula Does Not Decrease Intestinal Mucosal Growth in Infant Pigs

Stoll, Barbara J.; Price, Pamela T.; Reeds, Peter J.; Chang, Xiaoyan; Henry, Josef F.; Goudoever, Johannes B. van; Holst, Jens J.; Burrin, Douglas G.

doi:10.1177/014860710603000132

Cited by 16 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…As noted for urea production, it appears that the intestinal absorptive flux of dietary AAs was a strong determinant of the flux of dietary nitrogen utilization for the synthesis of splanchnic proteins. This is consistent with the preferential utilization of rapidly absorbed dietary AAs in splanchnic tissues as compared with slowly absorbed AAs (20) and a higher stimulation of mucosal protein synthesis after ingestion of an elemental diet than after ingestion of intact milk protein (37). Unfortunately, to our knowledge, there are no data comparing the effect of hydrolyzed or intact protein on muscle protein synthesis and balance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Hydrolyzed dietary casein as compared with the intact protein reduces postprandial peripheral, but not whole-body, uptake of nitrogen in humans

Deglaire

Fromentin

Fouillet

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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The form of delivery of dietary AAs constituted an independent factor of modulation of their postprandial regional metabolism, with a fast supply favoring the splanchnic dietary nitrogen uptake over its peripheral anabolic use. These results question a possible effect of ingestion of protein hydrolysates on tissue nitrogen metabolism and accretion. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00873951.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Hydrolyzed dietary casein as compared with the intact protein reduces postprandial peripheral, but not whole-body, uptake of nitrogen in humans

Deglaire

Fromentin

Fouillet

et al. 2009

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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“…The elemental diet provided less calories and protein than the polymeric diet (165 kcal $ kg 21 body weight or intestinal cell morphology (crypt depth, villus height, and muscle thickness) at the end of the 6-d trial. In contrast to the aforementioned piglet study (86), Stoll et al (88) found that cell proliferation and protein synthesis, measured by the percentage of labeled crypt cells in the S-phase and ornithine decarboxylase activity, were considerably higher in the proximal jejunum and ileum of the piglets fed an elemental diet. Furthermore, concentrations of gut hormones GLP-2 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, but not peptide YY, were considerably higher in the elemental diet group.…”

Section: Sources Of Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Current Knowledge of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants and the Impact of Different Types of Enteral Nutrition Products

Shulhan¹,

Dicken²,

Hartling³

et al. 2017

Advances in Nutrition

105

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Preterm infants are extremely vulnerable to a range of morbidities and mortality. Underdeveloped cardiac, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and immune systems in the preterm period increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), a serious disease of the gut. NEC affects 5-12% of very-low birthweight infants, leads to surgery in 20-40% of cases, and is fatal in 25-50% of cases. There are multiple factors that may contribute to NEC, but the exact cause is not yet fully understood. Severe cases can result in intestinal resection or death, and the health care costs average >$300,000/infant when surgical management is required. Different types of nutrition may affect the onset or progression of NEC. Several studies have indicated that bovine milk-based infant formulas lead to a higher incidence of NEC in preterm infants than does human milk (HM). However, it is not clear why HM is linked to a lower incidence of NEC or why some infants fed an exclusively HM diet still develop NEC. An area that has not been thoroughly explored is the use of semielemental or elemental formulas. These specialty formulas are easy to digest and absorb in the gut and may be an effective nutritional intervention for reducing the risk of NEC. This review summarizes what is known about the factors that contribute to the onset and progression of NEC, discusses its health care cost implications, and explores the impact that different formulas and HM have on this disease. Adv Nutr 2017;8:80-91.

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“…Consistent with the "functional workload" hypothesis are observations in animals that polymeric formulas are more effective than semielemental ones in terms of body mass, growth, villus height, crypt depth, brush border enzymes, and barrier function (Bines et al 2002;Stoll et al 2006). In adult studies carried out in critically ill patients, the results are equivocal, and the recommendation is to use polymeric formulas (Heyland et al 2004).…”

Section: Nutrients: In What Form?mentioning

confidence: 83%

Short bowel syndrome in infants: the critical role of luminal nutrients in a management program

Roy

Groleau

Bouthillier

et al. 2014

Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab.

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Short bowel syndrome develops when the remnant mass of functioning enterocytes following massive resections cannot support growth or maintain fluid-electrolyte balance and requires parenteral nutrition. Resection itself stimulates the intestine's inherent ability to adapt morphologically and functionally. The capacity to change is very much related to the high turnover rate of enterocytes and is mediated by several signals; these signals are mediated in large part by enteral nutrition. Early initiation of enteral feeding, close clinical monitoring, and ongoing assessment of intestinal adaptation are key to the prevention of irreversible intestinal failure. The length of the functional small bowel remnant is the most important variable affecting outcome. The major objective of intestinal rehabilitation programs is to achieve early oral nutritional autonomy while maintaining normal growth and nutrition status and minimizing total parenteral nutrition related comorbidities such as chronic progressive liver disease. Remarkable progress has been made in terms of survivability and quality of life, especially in the context of coordinated multidisciplinary programs, but much work remains to be done.

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Feeding an Elemental Diet vs a Milk‐Based Formula Does Not Decrease Intestinal Mucosal Growth in Infant Pigs

Cited by 16 publications

References 68 publications

Hydrolyzed dietary casein as compared with the intact protein reduces postprandial peripheral, but not whole-body, uptake of nitrogen in humans

Hydrolyzed dietary casein as compared with the intact protein reduces postprandial peripheral, but not whole-body, uptake of nitrogen in humans

Current Knowledge of Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants and the Impact of Different Types of Enteral Nutrition Products

Short bowel syndrome in infants: the critical role of luminal nutrients in a management program

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