Feeding and bedding materials as sources of microbial exposure on dairy farms.

Kotimaa, Marjut; Oksanen, Lauri; Koskela, Pentti

doi:10.5271/sjweh.1726

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The chosen exposure indicator, animal production, represents daily exposure to antigens, allergens, particles from animals, and microorganisms in fodder and bedding materials (4,6,38,39). The relevance of the many different exposure factors for airway disease are not known (7).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Determinants of asthma in a farming population

Melbostad¹,

Eduard²,

Magnus³

1998

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Melbostad E, Wijnand E, Magnus P. Determinants of asthma in a farming population. Scand J Work Environ Health 1998;24(4):262-269.Objectives This study examined the determinants of asthma in a population of farmers, including as a crude indicator of genetic predisposition "history of asthma in next-of-kin" (family history), and exposure factors such as animal production and smoking. Methods In a cross-sectional study of 8482 farmers or farmers' spouses in Norway a questionnaire with informatioll on asthma among the subjects and their next-of-kin, production type and farming activities, exposures outside fanning, and smoking was applied. Spirometry was performed. Results The lifetime prevalence of self-reported asthma in the population was 6.3%. Significant risk factors for

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Immunologically potent substances such as antigens, allergens, endotoxins, glucans, and substances with complement-stimulating and adjuvant effects have been identified in agricultural dust of different origins (4)(5)(6). The inhalation of agricultural dust provoltes inflammatory reactions in the airways (5,7).…”

Section: O F L~l I I~i~f L Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of asthma in a farming population

Melbostad¹,

Eduard²,

Magnus³

1998

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…To determine the relative survival (RS), the test sampler was placed under the flow straightener in the test chamber together with the rcference sampler, with the AGI-30 impinger sct at a flow rate of 12.5 Llmin, which was widely applied in field measurement. During the tests the concentrations measured by APS ranged from lo4 to lo8 partieles1m3, which represented the medially to highly contaminated environments (Malmberg et al, 1988;Rahkonen et al, 1990;Kotimaa et al, 1991;Rautiala et al, 1996;van der Werf, 1996;Nielsen et al, 1997). By controlling the amounts of harvested spores and the volume of the speaker, the concentrations could be maintained around 10\articles/m"or at last three hours.…”

Section: Test Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Sampling Time and Flow Rates on the Bioefficiency of Three Fungal Spore Sampling Methods

Lin

1998

Aerosol Science and Technology

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ABSTRACT. The influences of sampling time and flow rates on total recovery rate of airborne fungal spores were evaluated in the laboratory test chamber by three sampling methods: AGI-30 all-glass impingers, the Nnclepore filtration and elution method, and the gelatin filters. In the test system, a Pitt-3 generator was used to generate the spores of Penicillium citrinum. The real-time number concentration of fungal spores was measured by a TSI aerodynamic particle sizer to determine the total recovery. The results demonstrated that total recovery of spores collected by the AGI-30 impinger was in the range of 4% to 24%. Moreover, the average total recoveries of spores collected by Nuclepore and gelatin filters were found to be in the range of 50% to 75%, and 50% to 90%, respectively. The observed low total recovery for the AGI-30 impinger may be due primarily to the biological stress during sampling process. The relative survival of fungal spores collected in AGI-30 impingers became lower as the sampling time and flow rates increased. However, no significant influences of sampling time and flow rates on the total recovery of both the Nuclepore filtration and gelatin-filter methods were observed. In conclusion, it was found that filtration methods could perform much better than impingers for sampling airborne fungal spores.

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“…Fungal spores originate from different sources in the agricultural environment. Laboratory and experimental studies have indicated that the same fungal species that are identified in hay, grain, straw, silage, wood shavings, and sawdust are also detected in the air samples collected during the handling of the same materials (6,(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of microfungi in Finnish cow barns and some aspects of the occurrence of Wallemia sebi and Fusaria

Hanhela¹,

Louhelainen²,

Al³

1995

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Hanhela R, Louhelainen K, Pasanen A-L. Prevalence of microfungi in Finnish cow barns and some aspects of the occurrence of Wallemia sebi and Fusaria. Scand J Work Environ Health 1995;21:223--8. Objectives The occurrence of microfungi in the air and in feeding and bedding materials was studied on 32 Finnish dairy farms. Methods Air samples for determining viable and total spore concentrations were collected on membrane filters and with a cascade impactor. Genera of mesophilic, xerophilic, and thermophilic fungi were identified in four culture media. Total spore counts were done with the aid of an epifluorescence microscope. To identify fungal flora in agricultural materials, feeding and bedding material samples were also taken from the farms. Results The airborne spore concentrations varied for viable mesophilic, xerophilic, and ther mophilic fungi from 10' to lo7 colony-forming units per cubic meter, and for total spores from lo5 to lo7 spores per cubic meter. Asl~ergillus, Perzicilliur?z, Cladosporiunz, Absidia species, Wclllenzin sebi and yeasts were the predominant fungi in the air, as well as in the material samples. C O~C~U S~O~S In general, the airborne spore concentrations were high although the variation in the concentrations of different fungal groups was large between the farms. Along with using new growth media, two fungi whose prevalence was earlier poorly known in Finland were detected. W sebi proved to be the most abundant xerophilic fungi in the air and hay samples, while Fusariunz spp were very common in grain and straw but rare in air.

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Feeding and bedding materials as sources of microbial exposure on dairy farms.

Cited by 42 publications

References 13 publications

Determinants of asthma in a farming population

Determinants of asthma in a farming population

The Effect of Sampling Time and Flow Rates on the Bioefficiency of Three Fungal Spore Sampling Methods

Prevalence of microfungi in Finnish cow barns and some aspects of the occurrence of Wallemia sebi and Fusaria

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