Feeding and Nutritional Characteristics of Infants on PMTCT Programs

Magezi, S.; Kikafunda, Joyce K.; Whitehead, R. G.

doi:10.1093/tropej/fmn071

Cited by 8 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…A study in Kenyan infants found that HEU infants had poor nutritional outcomes, especially very high levels of stunting, by 24 months . The prevalence of stunting in the present study between HEU and HUU infants was similar to that found in a study of Ugandan infants enrolled in the PMTCT programme . Our bivariate analysis of the prevalence of stunting and being underweight between HEU and HUU infants is therefore consistent with the larger body of literature.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Studies conducted in other African countries comparing the nutritional status of HEU and HUU infants show large variations in the levels of undernutrition . The majority of these studies were conducted before antiretroviral therapy (ART) was widely available to mothers and infants . By contrast, ART is available to approximately 92% of pregnant women in Botswana .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Birthweight, HIV exposure and infant feeding as predictors of malnutrition in Botswanan infants

Chalashika

Essex

Mellor

et al. 2017

J Human Nutrition Diet

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birthweight, HIV exposure and infant feeding as predictors of malnutrition in Botswanan infants

Chalashika

Essex

Mellor

et al. 2017

J Human Nutrition Diet

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“…These findings are similar to cross-sectional findings of Orne-Gliemann et.al., Zimbabwe [33], and Magezi, Uganda [21], who document earlier commencement of MBF and poorer adherence to feeding recommendations, respectively amongst HIV-negative compared with positive women. Furthermore, we show that in 2001-2003 the EBF prevalence at 12 weeks was low - 7.2% and 2.8% amongst breastfeeding HIV-positive women and negative women respectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infant feeding practices at routine PMTCT sites, South Africa: results of a prospective observational study amongst HIV exposed and unexposed infants - birth to 9 months

et al. 2012

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BackgroundWe sought to investigate infant feeding practices amongst HIV-positive and -negative mothers (0-9 months postpartum) and describe the association between infant feeding practices and HIV-free survival.MethodsInfant feeding data from a prospective observational cohort study conducted at three (of 18) purposively-selected routine South African PMTCT sites, 2002-2003, were analysed. Infant feeding data (previous 4 days) were gathered during home visits at 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32 and 36 weeks postpartum. Four feeding groups were of interest, namely exclusive breastfeeding, mixed breastfeeding, exclusive formula feeding and mixed formula feeding. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to investigate associations between feeding practices (0-12 weeks) and infant HIV-free survival.ResultsSix hundred and sixty five HIV-positive and 218 HIV-negative women were recruited antenatally and followed-up until 36 weeks postpartum. Amongst mothers who breastfed between 3 weeks and 6 months postpartum, significantly more HIV-positive mothers practiced exclusive breastfeeding compared with HIV-negative: at 3 weeks 130 (42%) versus 33 (17%) (p < 0.01); this dropped to 17 (11%) versus 1 (0.7%) by four months postpartum. Amongst mothers practicing mixed breastfeeding between 3 weeks and 6 months postpartum, significantly more HIV-negative mothers used commercially available breast milk substitutes (p < 0.02) and use of these peaked between 9 and 12 weeks. The probability of postnatal HIV or death was lowest amongst infants living in the best resourced site who avoided breastfeeding, and highest amongst infants living in the rural site who stopped breastfeeding early (mean and standard deviations: 10.7% ± 3% versus 46% ± 11%).ConclusionsAlthough feeding practices were poor amongst HIV-positive and -negative mothers, HIV-positive mothers undertake safer infant feeding practices, possibly due to counseling provided through the routine PMTCT programme. The data on differences in infant outcome by feeding practice and site validate the WHO 2009 recommendations that site differences should guide feeding practices amongst HIV-positive mothers. Strong interventions are needed to promote exclusive breastfeeding (to 6 months) with continued breastfeeding thereafter amongst HIV-negative motherswho are still the majority of mothers even in high HIV prevalence setting like South Africa.

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“…Hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan hasil penelitian Magezi (2011) insiden berat badan lahir rendah memiliki kemungkinan 8.4% mendapatkan bayi HIV dibandingkan dengan berat bayi lahir normal. Menurut Slyker et al, (2014) Tingkat HIV-1RNA ibu hamil berhubungan dengan peningkatan kejadian BBLR.…”

Section: American College Of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (Acog) Dunclassified

Maternal, Obstetric, and Infant Factors and Their Association with the Risk of HIV Infection in Infants at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta

Rahmawati

Respati²,

Hanim

2016

J MATERN CHILD HEALTH

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Background: Incidence of HIV infection by mother to child transmission has been increasing for the past few years. This study aimed to determine the association between maternal, obstetric, infant factors, and the risk of HIV infection in infant. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study using case control design. This study was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta. A total of 68 study subjects, consisting of 34 HIV infected infants, and 34 non HIV infected infants, were selected for this study by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was HIV infection. The independent variable included maternal nutrirional status, opportunistic infection, antenatal care, type of labor, birth weight, and prematurity. The data were collected by a set of questionnaire and analyzed using logistic regression model. Results: Maternal HIV opportunistic infection (OR= 10.09; 95% CI= 1.99 to 51.20; p=0.005) and pervaginam labor (OR=5.21; 95% CI=0.92 to 29.58; p=0.063) increase the risk of HIV infection in infant, and they were statistically significant. Maternal body weight (BMI<18.5)(OR=2.71; 95% CI=0.44 to 16.53; p=0.280), antenatal care <4 times (OR=1.94; 95% CI= 0.42 to 9.00; p=0.395), birth weight <2,500 g (OR=1.09; 95%CI=0.19 to 6.05;p=0.924) and prematurity (OR= 1.65; 95% CI=0.36 to 7.61; p=0.523), each increased the risk of HIV infection but statistically non-significant. Conclusion: Maternal HIV opportunistic infection and pervaginam labor are strong and significant predictors for the risk of infant HIV infection. Health personnel should pay special attention on these significant risk factors when assisting birth delivery, in order to prevent HIV infection in infants.

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Feeding and Nutritional Characteristics of Infants on PMTCT Programs

Cited by 8 publications

References 3 publications

Birthweight, HIV exposure and infant feeding as predictors of malnutrition in Botswanan infants

Birthweight, HIV exposure and infant feeding as predictors of malnutrition in Botswanan infants

Infant feeding practices at routine PMTCT sites, South Africa: results of a prospective observational study amongst HIV exposed and unexposed infants - birth to 9 months

Maternal, Obstetric, and Infant Factors and Their Association with the Risk of HIV Infection in Infants at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta

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