Feeding Corn Oil in a Nanoemulsified Form Alters the Unsaturated Fatty Acids in the Milk of Zaraibi Dairy Goats

Abstract

Oil in water nanoemulsion represents a new and unstudied form of oil supplementation to the ruminant diet; that is why the aim was to evaluate the potential of nanoemulsified corn oil in dairy goats’ diets on milk productivity and fatty acid proportion. Twenty-four lactating Zaraibi goats in early lactation were randomly allocated to the following treatments: control—a basal diet without any supplementation, CO—the control diet + corn oil supplied at 3% on a dry matter basis (DM), NCO—the control diet + nanoemulsified corn oil provided at 3% on a DM basis. A completely randomized design that lasted 30 days (25 days of adaptation + 5 days of sampling) was used with eight goats in each treatment. The control diet consisted of 50% concentrate and 50% Egyptian berseem clover. The NCO increased the milk production, fat percentage, and yield compared to the CO and the control. The proportions of oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids were higher in the NCO compared to the control and CO. The NCO had less effect on the biohydrogenation intermediates’ profile than the CO; noticeably, higher proportions of unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) were associated with the NCO. In conclusion, the NCO increased milk production and decreased the transformation rate of UFA to saturated fatty acids in the biohydrogenation environment.

Evaluation of Oil-in-Water Nanoemulsions as a Potential Supplement in Dairy Production

“…Because of the nanodroplet size of the nanoemulsified form of used oil, the permeability or uptake of this fatty acid by the bacterial cell may be increased, preventing more considerable proportions of UFA from being biohydrogenated to SFA. That was corroborated by subsequent research and validated by our in vivo findings when feeding nanoemulsified corn oil to lactating dairy goats (Yousef et al, 2022).…”

“…In contrast to the raw oil form, the nanoemulsified oil was added directly to the bottle containing the buffered rumen fluid and bags containing the substrate to imitate the drinking procedure used in the lactating goat experiment (Yousef et al, 2022). For each of the four in vitro experiments, three duplicates of batch culture fermentation trials were carried out (three bottles were used for each treatment).…”

“…Nanoemulsions are multiphase colloidal dispersions created by dispersing one liquid in another immiscible liquid at the nanoscale through physical-share-induced rupturing with droplet sizes smaller than 200 nm (Mason et al, 2006). Based on our previous in vitro and in vivo trials (Yousef et al, 2022, El-Sherbiny et al, 2023, introducing a nanoemulsified form of edible oil to the rumen fermentation environment may result in a higher outflow of unsaturated fatty acids from the rumen (bypassing the rumen); as a result, higher accumulation of unsaturated fatty acids may be observed in both rumen and milk. However, despite the positive results, oil-in-water nanoemulsions are still a new supplement in livestock production and require more study to optimize their production conditions.…”