Feedstock Characterization of Elemental Nickel and Titanium Powders Mixture for Metal Injection Moulding Process

Razali, Razif; Abdullah, Zulaila; Subuki, Istikamah; Ismail, Muhammad Hussain; Muhamad, Norhamidi

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.575.78

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…From the graph, it shows that the range of n value for the feedstock in the range of 0.48 to 0.57 for powder loading 65.5vol% while 0.43 to 0.52 for powder loading 67.5vol%. Compare to the previous research conducted by Ismail and Razali where the n value is within the range of 0.698 to 0.721 [4] while 0.5 to 0.7 [3]. It is demonstrated that the the shear rate had moderately affected by the viscosity of the feedstock which is good for moulding process in order to avoid binder separation [9].…”

Section: Shear Sensitivity Index (N)contrasting

confidence: 46%

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The Effect of TiH<sub>2</sub> Particle on Rheological Behaviour of NiTi for Metal Injection Moulding

Kadir

Nor

Subuki

et al. 2017

MSF

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This paper highlights the influence of titanium hydride particle on the rheological behaviour of nickel-titanium feedstock used in the metal injection process. The ratio of 50at% nickel and 50at% titanium hydride with 2 different powder loadings (65.5vol% and 67.5vol%) were investigated. A Rosand RH2000 capillary rheometer was used to determine the flow behaviour of feedstocks. The feedstocks were characterized at different temperature ranging from 150°C and 170°C and shear rate ranging from 50/s and 4442.63/s. The results showed on pseudo-elastic behaviour flow of NiTi feedstock which is suitable for injection moulding process.

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Section: Shear Sensitivity Index (N)contrasting

confidence: 46%

“…Previous study of NiTi done by Ismail [3] and Razali [4] which used nickel and titanium as starting elemental powders and both powders exhibit spherical shape. Moreover, the PEG and PMMA binders were used by Ismail while PS and PE were used by Razali respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of TiH<sub>2</sub> Particle on Rheological Behaviour of NiTi for Metal Injection Moulding

Kadir

Nor

Subuki

et al. 2017

MSF

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“…Two atomic ratios of Ni-Ti were investigated; 50-50 and 50.8-49.2 and the powder loading was kept 65.5 vol %. The elemental powders were blended using a stainless steel ball mill for 4 hours with a ball-to-powder ratio of 2:1 to ensure uniform powder distribution [8]. The binder system comprised of palm stearin (PS) and polyethylene (PE) with a weight fraction of 60-40 based on the previous successful work [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The elemental powders were blended using a stainless steel ball mill for 4 hours with a ball-to-powder ratio of 2:1 to ensure uniform powder distribution [8]. The binder system comprised of palm stearin (PS) and polyethylene (PE) with a weight fraction of 60-40 based on the previous successful work [8]. The as-mixed powders were then mixed with the binder system using an internal mixer, HAAKE Rheomix at 160 o C with rotational speed of 50 rpm for 3 h until a homogenous mixture was observed [8].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shape Memory Behaviour of NiTi Alloy Produced by MIM Using Palm Stearin Based Binder

Ismail

Razali

Abdullah

et al. 2016

AMR

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In this present work, NiTi alloy has been successfully produced by metal injection moulding (MIM) starting with elemental powders mixture of Nickel (Ni) and Titanium (Ti) mixed with a composite binder of palm stearin (PS) and polyethylene (PE). Two different atomic fractions of Ni-Ti were investigated; 50-50 and 50.8-49.2 and the powder loading used was 65.5vol%. The green parts were successfully injection moulded at an optimum temperature of 130°C. The samples were then underwent solvent extraction using n-heptane solution to remove the primary binder of PS. It was followed by thermal debinding to completely remove the backbone binder of PE and subsequently sintered in high vacuum at 1050°C to allow diffusion of the elemental Ni and Ti powders to form NiTi alloy. The phase constituents of the sintered specimens were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), equipped with EDX analysis under back-scattered electron (BSE) mode. The reversible austenite to martensite phase transformation temperatures (PTTs) correspond to shape memory effect (SME) was determined by Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) with heating and cooling cycle in the range of-50 and 200°C. The influence of Ni-Ti ratio and the processing conditions on phase constituents and SME was then analyzed and discussed.

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“…2 in terms of log shear viscosity (η) versus log shear rate (γ) based on Equation 1. Razali et al (2014) reported the melting point of the backbone binder; PE is about 100°C. Hence, the temperature of rheological test was tested in the range of 130°C to 170°C (>100°C) based on the mixing process temperature.…”

Section: Rheological Characterization and Injection Moldingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of Porous Ti-6Al-4V Mix with Palm Stearin Binder by Metal Injection Molding Technique

Jamaludin¹,

Kasim²,

Nor³

et al. 2015

American Journal of Applied Sciences

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Good potential of biocompatibility and excellent mechanical properties, porous Ti-6Al-4V has become a great interest for biomedical applications. In this study, porous Ti-6Al-4V was fabricated by Metal Injection Molding (MIM) using Palm Stearin (PS) and Polyethylene (PE) binder together with sodium chloride (NaCl) as a space holder. Rheological characterization was performed to evaluate the flowability of the feedstocks for injection molding and the feedstocks exhibited a pseudoplastic behavior which is suitable for injection. The as-sintered parts were fabricated as the mixing, injection molding, debinding and sintering were conducted successfully. The mechanical properties of the as-sintered parts were investigated via tensile test and the results obtained were closed with the established range. Shrinkage, density and X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) of the as-sintered parts were compared with the theoretical values which were found closed to the acceptable ranges. The microstructure of the surface and cross-section were observed under Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) and optical microscope to analyze the specimens before and after sintering. Generally, palm stearin binder system added with space holder to fabricate porous Ti-6Al-4V by MIM is feasible and has shown a good potential for biomedical applications.

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Feedstock Characterization of Elemental Nickel and Titanium Powders Mixture for Metal Injection Moulding Process

Cited by 7 publications

References 10 publications

The Effect of TiH<sub>2</sub> Particle on Rheological Behaviour of NiTi for Metal Injection Moulding

The Effect of TiH<sub>2</sub> Particle on Rheological Behaviour of NiTi for Metal Injection Moulding

Shape Memory Behaviour of NiTi Alloy Produced by MIM Using Palm Stearin Based Binder

Development of Porous Ti-6Al-4V Mix with Palm Stearin Binder by Metal Injection Molding Technique

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