Feelings, Expectations and Adaptation of Elderly People Living in a Long-Stay Institution

Abstract

Objetivo: identificar os sentimentos, as expectativas e a adaptação dos idosos ao processo asilar. Método: estudo descritivo com abordagem qualitativa, do qual participaram nove idosos de uma instituição de longa permanência de idoso no município de Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A coleta dos dados ocorreu no mês de agosto de 2016, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, gravadas em mídia digital e transcritas na íntegra. A análise dos dados se deu à luz da análise de conteúdo temática, evidenciando-se as seguintes categorias: sentimentos vivenciados ao ser internado em instituição de longa permanência de idosos; a adaptação do idoso ao processo de internação; pedidos, sonhos e expectativas do idoso institucionalizado. Resultados: dos entrevistados houve predomínio do sexo masculino-55,5% (n= 5), com média de idade entre 60 e 77 anos 44,4% (n= 4), com prevalência do estado civil separados de 33,3% (n= 3). Considerações finais: consideram-se as ILPs importantes espaços para o cuidado qualitativo ao idoso, por isso, em seu planejamento e implantação devem-se incluir, além do conforto e acolhimento, ações que permitam ao residente o exercício da autonomia, a elevação da autoestima e o enfrentamento adequado ao processo do envelhecer. Palavras-chave: Envelhecimento; Institucionalização; Saúde do Idoso Institucionalizado; Relações Familiares. ABSTR ACT Objective: to identify the feelings, expectations and adaptation of elderly people to the institutionalization process. Method: descriptive study with a qualitative approach, in which participants were nine elderly people from a long-stay institution in the city of Santo Ângelo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Data collection took place in August 2016 through semi-structured interviews that were recorded on digital media and transcribed in full. The analysis of the data was based on the thematic content analysis, from which the following categories emerged: Feelings experienced when starting living in a long-stay institution for elderly people; The elderly's adaptation to the admission process; Requests, dreams and expectations of the institutionalized elderly. Results: 55.5% (n = 5) of the elderly were male, with a mean age between 60 and 77 years, 44.4% (n = 4), and prevalence of marital status separated, 33.3% (n = 3). Final Thoughts: LSIs are considered important spaces for the qualitative care of the elderly; therefore, their planning and implementation should encompass, besides comfort and welcome, actions that allow the resident to exercise autonomy, increase self-esteem and face the aging process properly.

Vulnerability, family violence and institutionalization: narratives for elderly and professionals in social welcome center

“…The impossibility of performing basic and instrumental activities is strongly related to the presence of clinical-functional vulnerability, associated with the health conditions of this elderly person. Thus, it is important to implement programs in order to minimize vulnerability and its risks (10,14) . The condition of vulnerability encompasses biological, psychological, social and cognitive factors, requiring a comprehensive assessment of the elderly, associated with social and health care (2,15) .…”

“…It is known that the condition of clinical vulnerability can lead to hospitalization, institutionalization and even death (14) . This context can make the elderly dependent on special care and, therefore, they must be considered a priority group in public social and health policies, in order to minimize its consequences and aggravations (10,15) .…”

“…The presence of symptoms of depression, decreased levels of physical activity or leisure and loss of functional independence, potentiate functional decline (16) . However, it has already been shown that specialized and humanized care has potentially positive benefits for the elderly (10,(17)(18) .…”

“…The vulnerability of the elderly is related to adverse outcomes, such as functional dependence, risk of institutionalization, hospitalization or death, in face of biological, social, cognitive, psychological and family arrangements (3,10) . However, the narratives show that, even living in subhuman conditions, the elderly became resistant to recognizing, or even denying their condition of vulnerability and their experiences in relation to the violence and abandonment suffered.…”

“…Therefore, knowing the expectations and adaptation of elderly people who have been institutionalized in situations of violence or neglect can contribute to the planning and implementation of unique care strategies for the elderly, in the perspective of better care practices, taking into account their needs and needs. limitations (10) . In this context, the following is questioned: How does the institutionalization process take place in the face of conditions of clinical-functional vulnerability of elderly people who have experienced family violence?…”