Felidae

Terio, Karen A.; McAloose, Denise; Mitchell, Emily

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-805306-5.00010-9

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 174 publications

(170 reference statements)

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“…Coronavirus is a contagious and significant pathogen of wild felines. Infection can cause both moderate enteritis (Feline Enteric Coronavirus -FECV) and fatal peritonitis (feline infectious peritonitis virus -FIPV) in non-domestic cats, depending on the form of the pathogen (Terio K. et al, 2018).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronaviruses of wild animals in Russia

2020

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The review considers wild animal coronaviruses that live in Russia and present certain epidemic and epizootic risks. It is believed that coronaviruses entered the human population from representatives of the wild fauna and bats (the main hosts are natural reservoirs), as well as snakes, pangolins, civets, camels (intermediate hosts) are proposed as candidates. Meanwhile, this list is much wider and the intermediate link may be feline (tigers, leopards, Pallas’s cats, caracals, European wildcat and eurasian lynxs), mustelidae (american minks, ferrets and siberian weasel), rodents (mice and rats), marine mammals (harbour seal, bottlenose dolphin and beluga whale), as well as insectivores, namely hedgehogs (European, Amur and other species). The majority (60-75 %) of viral pathogens enter the human population from animals, of which at least 70% are wild. The influence of the exploitation of wild animals by mankind on the appearance of pandemics has been observed, which in itself provokes the emergence of new viruses in nature. Flora and fauna, adapting to the growing anthropogenic impact, are geographically redistributed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coronaviruses of wild animals in Russia

2020

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“…SENI developed purulent nasal discharge during captivity, which may have been caused by FHV infection ( 58 , 59 ), as per detection in an oropharyngeal swab. This herpesvirus infection typically starts in the nose, where it affects epithelial cells before spreading to the oropharynx, lids, and upper respiratory tract ( 59 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Suspected Cases of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) During an International Translocation Program

et al. 2021

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The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) population in Switzerland serves as a source for reintroductions in neighboring countries. In 2016–2017, three lynx from the same geographical area were found seropositive for feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) in the framework of an international translocation program. This novel finding raised questions about the virus origin and pathogenicity to lynx, the emerging character of the infection, and the interpretation of serological results in other lynx caught for translocation. Archived serum samples from 84 lynx captured in 2001–2016 were retrospectively tested for FIV antibodies by Western blot. All archived samples were FIV-negative. The three seropositive lynx were monitored in quarantine enclosures prior to euthanasia and necropsy. They showed disease signs, pathological findings, and occurrence of co-infections reminding of those described in FIV-infected domestic cats. All attempts to isolate and characterize the virus failed but serological data and spatiotemporal proximity of the cases suggested emergence of a lentivirus with antigenic and pathogenic similarities to FIV in the Swiss lynx population. A decision scheme was developed to minimize potential health risks posed by FIV infection, both in the recipient and source lynx populations, considering conservation goals, animal welfare, and the limited action range resulting from local human conflicts. Development and implementation of a cautious decision scheme was particularly challenging because FIV pathogenic potential in lynx was unclear, negative FIV serological results obtained within the first weeks after infection are unpredictable, and neither euthanasia nor repatriation of multiple lynx was acceptable options. The proposed scheme distinguished between three scenarios: release at the capture site, translocation, or euthanasia. Until April 2021, none of the 40 lynx newly captured in Switzerland tested FIV-seropositive. Altogether, seropositivity to FIV was documented in none of 124 lynx tested at their first capture, but three of them seroconverted in 2016–2017. Diagnosis of FIV infection in the three seropositive lynx remains uncertain, but clinical observations and pathological findings confirmed that euthanasia was appropriate. Our experiences underline the necessity to include FIV in pathogen screenings of free-ranging European wild felids, the importance of lynx health monitoring, and the usefulness of health protocols in wildlife translocation.

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“…Feline papillomavirus-associated oral papillomas have been reported in a variety of nondomestic felids and have been well documented as a relatively common finding in captive snow leopards. 8,9,11 The histologic characteristics of oral papillomas in captive snow leopards include viral cytopathic changes within the granular cell layer such as large cytoplasmic keratohyalin granules, koilocytes, and rare intracytoplasmic viral inclusions. 9,11 This report is consistent with previous literature as oral papillomas were diagnosed in 30/36 of snow leopards with oral lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of SCC was higher in snow leopards compared with other nondomestic felids in this study and has been previously reported in this species. 11 Given the high incidence of papillomas in snow leopards, a relationship between SCC and papillomavirus-induced neoplasia has been suggested. 11 However, the role of papilloma virus in the pathogenesis of oral SCC in domestic cats is controversial as the incidence of oral SCC in domestic cats is much greater than the incidence of oral papillomas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral Lesions in Captive Nondomestic Felids With a Focus on Odontogenic Lesions

Scott¹,

Garner²,

Murphy

et al. 2020

Vet Pathol

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Odontogenic lesions are well described in domestic cats, but published literature describing these lesions in nondomestic felids is limited. This study reports oral lesions in 109 captive, non-domestic felids. Ten cases of odontogenic lesions were diagnosed, including 9 with fibromatous epulis of periodontal ligament origin (FEPLO) and one odontogenic cyst in a cougar. FEPLO was common in lions. FEPLO did not recur after surgical removal in any of the 3 cases for which follow-up information was available. Increased occurrences of oral papillomas in snow leopards and eosinophilic granulomas in tigers were identified, which is consistent with the reported literature. With the exception of oral papillomas in snow leopards and FEPLO in lions, the spectrum of oral lesions in nondomestic felids was similar to what is reported in domestic cats, with squamous cell carcinoma being the most common oral malignancy, and stomatitis/gingivitis/glossitis accounting for approximately one third of all cases. Rare diagnoses with one case each included hemangioma, fibrosarcoma, melanoma, cleft palate, and glossal amyloidosis.

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Felidae

Cited by 25 publications

References 174 publications

Coronaviruses of wild animals in Russia

Coronaviruses of wild animals in Russia

Management of Suspected Cases of Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Eurasian Lynx (Lynx lynx) During an International Translocation Program

Oral Lesions in Captive Nondomestic Felids With a Focus on Odontogenic Lesions

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