Feline Histoplasmosis: A Retrospective Study of 22 Cases (1986–2009)

Aulakh, Harmeet K.; Aulakh, Karanvir S.; Troy, Gregory C.

doi:10.5326/jaaha-ms-5758

Cited by 50 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…Less frequent clinical signs include vomiting, diarrhea, blindness and lameness (Brömel e Sykes, 2005;Aulakh et al, 2012). In the present case, initially, the cat presented clinical signs as sneezing, dyspnea and increased respiratory sounds allowing the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

“…As the infection becomes active, the disease can spread to any organ, most commonly lungs, gastrointestinal tract, spleen, liver, bone marrow, eyes and adrenals (Kerl, 2003). Different forms of histoplasmosis, as pulmonary, disseminated, primary gastrointestinal, have been reported in cats (Aulakh et al, 2012). Sometimes the skin is also affected (Fischer et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Feline histoplasmosis: a case of supraorbital involvement

Souza¹,

Gremião²,

Pereira³

et al. 2015

RBCV

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Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal infection caused by the dimorphic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum that infects humans and a wide variety of mammalian species, including cats. In Brazil only four cases of this disease were reported in domestic cats. The present study reports a case of an indoor cat, rescued from street three years ago, that developed histoplasmosis with supraorbital involvement. The cat presented sneezing, dyspnea and increased respiratory sounds and the diagnosis suspected was allergic rhinitis. Prednisolone and amoxicillin were prescribed. The patient returned to clinic after clinical signs worsened with a swelling of the right supraorbital region, unilateral left side conjunctivitis and enlarged submandibular lymph nodes. Cytology and culture revealed Histoplasma capsulatum. Initially, itraconazole (10 mg/Kg SID orally) was prescribed and due to the worsening of clinical signs, was combined amphotericin B (0.5 mg/kg SC) for two weeks. The therapy with amphotericin was discontinued and itraconazole continued to be administered for six months. The clinical signs were resolved and no recrudescence was reported. It is important that veterinary practitioners to be aware of the clinical features of feline histoplasmosis and consider the possibility of a subclinical infection.Keywords: corticosteroid, cat, involvement supraorbital, Histoplasma capsulatum. ResumoHistoplasmose é uma infecção sistêmica causada pelo fungo dimórfico Histoplasma capsulatum, que infecta humanos e uma ampla variedade de mamíferos, incluindo os gatos. No Brasil, somente quatro casos dessa doença foram relatados em gatos domésticos. O presente estudo relata um caso de um gato, vivendo em ambiente domiciliar sem acesso à rua, mas que tinha sido resgatado das ruas havia três anos, que desenvolveu histoplasmose com envolvimento supraorbital. O paciente apresentava espirros, dispneia e aumento dos sons respiratórios e a suspeita clínica foi rinite alérgica. O animal foi tratado com prednisolona e amoxicilina. Com a piora dos sinais clínicos o paciente retornou apresentando um edema na região supraorbital direita, conjuntivite unilateral do olho esquerdo e linfoadenomegalia na região submandibular. A citologia e a cultura revelaram a presença de Histoplasma capsulatum. Inicialmente, itraconazol (10 mg/kg via oral, uma vez ao dia) foi prescrito e devido à piora dos sinais clínicos, anfotericina B (0,5 mg/Kg via subcutânea) foi administrada por duas semanas associada ao triazólico. A terapia com anfotericina B foi descontinuada e o itraconazol mantido por seis meses até a cura clínica e nenhuma recrudescência foi registrada. É importante ressaltar que veterinários devem estar atentos para os sinais clínicos da histoplasmose e que devem considerar a possibilidade de uma infecção subclínica.Palavras-chave: corticoide, gato, envolvimento supraorbital, Histoplasma capsulatum.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 61%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feline histoplasmosis: a case of supraorbital involvement

Souza¹,

Gremião²,

Pereira³

et al. 2015

RBCV

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…3,6,14,21,26 Most published cases of histoplasmosis are identified in human beings and domestic animals that live or have spent time in these regions. 2,3,8,25 However, evidence of infection in nonendemic regions of H. capsulatum has been reported. 3,11,12,24 A retrospective cohort study of persons >65 years of age determined that 11% of histoplasmosis patients surveyed had no exposure to endemic geographic regions for H. capsulatum prior to disease development.…”

Section: Research-article2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…14,23 Inhalation is the primary mode of entry, although respiratory symptoms are not always present, particularly in cats. 2,23 As in human beings, animal hosts that are immunocompromised or received a large dose of infectious fungal elements appear to be at a greater risk for developing infection and disseminated disease. 14,21,23 In the wild, raccoons give birth in early spring and wean their kits in autumn at 16-20 weeks of age.…”

Section: Research-article2014mentioning

confidence: 99%

Disseminated histoplasmosis in two juvenile raccoons (Procyon lotor) from a nonendemic region of the United States

et al. 2014

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Abstract. Two 6-month-old raccoon kits, which had been rescued and fostered in preparation for return to the wild, became acutely ill and died 3 weeks before scheduled release. At necropsy, the kits had grossly enlarged livers and spleens, diffusely consolidated lungs, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Histologically, extensive infiltrates of macrophages containing yeast organisms were identified in lung, liver, kidney, spleen, lymph nodes, intestinal tissues, brain, adrenal gland, bone marrow, and thymus of both animals. Histiocytic inflammation with accompanying fibrosis was widespread, with necrotic foci evident in lungs, spleen, and intestinal sections. Fungal organisms were observed on sheep blood agar plates; however, repeated subcultures to fungal media designed to induce conidial structures for fungal identification were unsuccessful. Partial DNA sequencing of the 28S ribosomal RNA gene of the blood agar isolate identified 100% homology with Ajellomyces capsulatus (anamorphic name Histoplasma capsulatum). The kits were rescued and fostered in the San Francisco Bay area and it is likely that the exposure to H. capsulatum occurred in this area. Histoplasma sp. infection in wild mammal species is often used as an indication of spore contamination of a geographic region. Northern California is not known to be an endemic region for H. capsulatum, which is not a reportable disease in this state. The presence of severe, disseminated disease and the need for molecular identification associated with the isolate from a nonendemic region identified in the present report may indicate genetic adaptation and altered characteristics of this agent and may warrant further investigation.

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“…Histoplasmosis: Histoplasmosis is a systemic fungal disorder affecting humans and animals [21][22][23]. It is caused by dimorphic fungi of the Histoplasma genus.…”

Section: Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dog and Cat Dermatomycoses in Regions Lining the North Atlantic Ocean

Ge¹

2017

Austin J Dermatolog

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Among the whole specters of fungi, only a few dozen species are parasitic on animals, with the vast majority being merely saprophyte organisms. Superficial dermatomycoses of the skin encompass dermatophytoses and some yeast infections. These diseases are quite common in humans, dogs and cats. Other systemic mycoses are much less common, but include cryptococcosis, sporotrichosis, histoplasmosis and North American blastomycosis. We present a review of dermatomycoses common to dogs and cats in regions lining the Atlantic Ocean.

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Feline Histoplasmosis: A Retrospective Study of 22 Cases (1986–2009)

Cited by 50 publications

References 10 publications

Feline histoplasmosis: a case of supraorbital involvement

Feline histoplasmosis: a case of supraorbital involvement

Disseminated histoplasmosis in two juvenile raccoons (Procyon lotor) from a nonendemic region of the United States

Dog and Cat Dermatomycoses in Regions Lining the North Atlantic Ocean

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