Feline Leishmania infection in a canine leishmaniasis endemic region, Portugal

Maia, Carla; Gomes, Jacinto; Cristóvão, José Manuel; Nunes, Mónica; Martins, Andrea; Rebêlo, E.; Campino, Lenea

doi:10.1016/j.vetpar.2010.08.030

Cited by 93 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In other studies, prevalence of Leishmania spp infection in cats by PCR-based tests was reported as 8.7% (Sherry et al, 2011) and 25.7% (Martín-Sánchez et al, 2007) in Spain, 10% in Iran (Hatam et al, 2010), and 20.3% in Portugal (Maia et al, 2010). Peripheral blood has been the most commonly used specimen in PCR-based feline surveys and positive results ranged from 0.3% to 60.7%, among cats living in regions endemic for canine and/or human leishmaniosis (Martín-Sánchez et al, 2007;Tabar et al, 2008;Maia et al, 2008;Ayllon et al, 2008;Maia et al, 2010;Sherry et al, 2011;Millán et al, 2011;Ayllón et al, 2012;Vilhena et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Peripheral blood has been the most commonly used specimen in PCR-based feline surveys and positive results ranged from 0.3% to 60.7%, among cats living in regions endemic for canine and/or human leishmaniosis (Martín-Sánchez et al, 2007;Tabar et al, 2008;Maia et al, 2008;Ayllon et al, 2008;Maia et al, 2010;Sherry et al, 2011;Millán et al, 2011;Ayllón et al, 2012;Vilhena et al, 2013). More recently in Greece PCR positivity in different tissues from cats ranged from 3.1% (conjunctival swab) to 16% (bone marrow), 18.2% (skin biopsy) and 13% (blood) in clinically normal cats and in cats with various clinical signs living in the region of Thessaly (central Greece) and Thessaloniki (north Greece), thus indicating the need for multiple tissue PCR testing in order to avoid underestimating of the true prevalence of the infection (Chatzis et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Land uses were determined from the Corine Land Cover 2000 areas and the percentage of infected cats is not negligible. However, the prevalence is generally lower than that in the canine population in the same areas (Diakou et al, 2009;Maia et al, 2010;Millan et al, 2011;Miro et al, 2014;Chatzis et al, 2014). Several epidemiological studies, which however were conducted in different levels of endemicity and type of feline populations or using different methodologies, revealed an antibody prevalence of 0-68.5% while the infection prevalence ranged from 0-60.6% (Pennisi, 2015).…”

Section: Geographical Information System (Gis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular investigation and geographical distribution of Leishmania spp infection in stray and owned cats (Felis catus) in Thessaly, central Greece

Giannakopoulos

Tsokana

Papadopoulos

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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In this study we aimed to determine the prevalence of Leishmania spp infection and to report the geographical distribution of Leishmania spp infected cats from Thessaly, central Greece, an endemic region for canine and human leishmaniosis. Blood samples were collected from a total of 150 cats (34 stray and 116 owned) from the area of Thessaly, i.e. Larissa (n=6), Volos (n=94), Trikala (n=30) and Karditsa (n=20). Data on signalment and living conditions were registered for each cat. The samples were tested by Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 nested PCR (ITS1 nested PCR). Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to define the geographical distribution of the Leishmania spp infected cats in relation to the land uses and the altitude. In total, 13.3% (95% CI: 8.3-19.8) of the sampled cats were found positive for Leishmania spp DNA. More precisely, the results are 12.8% (95% CI 6.8-21.2) in Volos, 20% (95% CI 6.8-21.2) in Trikala and 10% (95% CI 12-31.7) in Karditsa while none of the six cats examined from the region of Larissa was found PCR positive. The Leishmania spp infected cats were found in artificial surfaces and associated areas and in cultivated and managed areas with a mean altitude of 81,7 m above sea level (range 14 - 225 ± 51.57 SD). No significant correlation was found between Leishmania spp infection and signalment or living conditions, thus suggest ing that the infection is uniformly distributed among the screened feline population. The findings of this study along with the occurrence of competent vectors of Leishmania infantum in Thessaly, support the hypothesis that cats may serve as a reservoir for Leishmania spp in this region and highlight the need for surveillance in feline population and implementation of control measures. However, the epidemiological role of cats in the maintenance and transmission of Leishmania spp has yet to be defined and deserves further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Geographical Information System (Gis)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular investigation and geographical distribution of Leishmania spp infection in stray and owned cats (Felis catus) in Thessaly, central Greece

Giannakopoulos

Tsokana

Papadopoulos

et al. 2018

J Hellenic Vet Med Soc

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“…The low level or absence of antibodies may also be explained by reduced production of antibodies in felines relative to canids (MAIA et al, 2010;MAIA & CAMPINO, 2011). Nevertheless, serological techniques are still used to diagnose feline leishmaniasis, but verification with other exams such as parasitological or molecular methods is necessary (GRAMICCIA, 2011) to improve the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibodies to Leishmania spp. in domestic felines

Oliveira

Paiz

Menozzi

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoa in the genus Leishmania, typical of rural and peri-urban environments. The causative agent of American visceral leishmaniasis is Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi and the main insect vector in Brazil is Lutzomyia longipalpis. Dogs (Canis familiaris) are important in the transmission of the disease, as a reservoir closely related to humans and an infection source for phlebotomine vectors. Since 1990, an increasing number of feline leishmaniasis cases have been reported, suggesting that domestic cats (Felis catus) might be involved in the epidemiology of the disease. The present study analyzed the prevalence of anti-Leishmania spp. antibodies in naturally infected domestic cats from various neighborhoods in the municipality of Belém, Pará, Brazil, using the indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) and the direct agglutination test (DAT). Among the 443 samples tested, 18 (4.06%) presented positive reactions in the IFA. The observed titers were 40 IU in 4.97% of the samples and 80 IU in 0.90%. In the DAT test, positive results were found in 25 (5.64%) of the samples. The observed titers were also 40 IU (4.97%) and 80 IU (0.68%). The agreement rate between the two tests was considered low (Kappa coefficient = 0.10).Keywords: Indirect immunofluorescence assay, direct agglutination test, leishmaniasis, cats. ResumoAs leishmanioses são zoonoses vetoriais causadas por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, características de ambientes rurais e periurbanos. A leishmaniose visceral americana (LVA) é causada pela Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi, cujo principal vetor no Brasil é Lutzomyia longipalpis. O cão (Canis familiaris) possui papel ativo na transmissão da doença, pois é um reservatório muito próximo do humano e uma fonte de infecção para o flebotomíneo. O aumento do número de casos de leishmaniose felina, descritos na literatura a partir de 1990, sugere Leishmaniasis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, Kinetoplastida order, Trypanosomatidae family, and transmitted by phlebotomine species, causing tegumental and visceral injuries (ROSA, 2009). In the parasitic life cycle, promastigotes are found in the vector and amastigotes are found in the infected host tissues (BANETH, 2006). Leishmaniasis is typical of rural and peri-urban environments. Domestic and wild mammals can be infected; humans are considered accidental hosts of the protozoa (CURI et al., 2006).The dog (Canis familiaris) has an active role in the transmission of the disease as an asymptomatic reservoir that is closely related to humans and an infection source to phlebotomine vectors (COURTENAY et al., 2002).American visceral leishmaniasis is caused by Leishmania (Leishmania) infantum chagasi, and is a serious public health problem in Brazil owing to the wide geographical distribution v. 24, n. 4, out.-dez. 2015 465 Leishmania spp. in cats of the disease, high incidence, and the ability to lead to a severe clinical form that ...

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“…Nesse estudo foi evidenciada uma baixa soroprevalência de infecção por Leishmania infatum, resultado semelhante ao encontrado por Poli e colobarodores (2002) Conforme Maia et al (2010), em vários estudos realizados nos últimos anos, pressupõem a possibilidade do gato infectar-se com a Leishmania. No entanto, considerando a suscetibilidade e a resistência do animal, o seu papel como reservatório e disseminador da doença ainda são desconhecidos.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

PREVALÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS ANTI-Leishmania infantum EM FELINOS DOMÉSTICOS FREQUENTADORES DE CLÍNICAS E HOSPITAIS VETERINÁRIOS DA CIDADE DE CASCAVEL, PARANÁ, BRASIL

Godoi

Bittencourt

Andrade³

et al. 2016

ArqVet

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RESUMO:A Leishmaniose é uma doença protozoária grave que acomete o homem, caninos e felinos domésticos e animais selvagens, é considerada uma zoonose. Os cães domésticos são considerados os principais hospedeiros reservatórios, os felinos são considerados hospedeiros acidentais da leishmaniose, isso se deve ao fato de não haver estudos epidemiológicos e evidência experimental que comprovam que ele pode atuar como hospedeiro reservatório e disseminar a doença. O objetivo do estudo é determinar a prevalência da infecção pelo protozoário da Leishmania infantum e analisar os fatores associados ao risco de infecção em gatos freqüentadores de clínicas e hospitais veterinários de Cascavel, Paraná, Brasil. Nesse estudo foram coletadas 171 amostras de sangue de felinos domésticos, os soros foram analisados pela técnica de Reação Imunoflorescência Indireta (RIFI), a prevalência de infecção por Leishmania infantum foi de 3,5% (6/171). A doença é caracterizada por lesões cutâneas, alopecia e descamação, também pode ocorrer envolvimento do fígado e baço, causando a hepatoesplenomegalia. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Felinos. Leishmaniose. Leishmania. PREVALENCE OF ANTI-Leishmania infantum ANTIBODIES IN CATS SEEN AT VETERINARY HOSPITALS AND CLINICS IN CASCAVEL, PARANÁ, BRAZILABSTRACT: Leishmaniosis is a serious protozoal disease that affects humans, wild and domestic dogs and cats, and is considered a zoonosis. Domestic dogs are the main reservoir hosts, and cats are considered accidental hosts of leishmaniosis. This is due to the fact that there is epidemiological and experimental evidence showing that they can act as reservoir hosts and spread the disease. In this study, blood samples from 171 domestic cats were collected, with the sera being analyzed by immunofluorescence reaction technique (IFA). The prevalence of Leishmania infantum infection was 3.5 % (6/171). The disease is characterized by skin lesions, alopecia and scaling, also affecting the liver and spleen, causing hepatosplenomegaly. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of infection by the Leishmania infantum protozoan and analyze the risk factors associated with infection in domestic cats attending veterinary hospitals and clinics of Cascavel, Paraná, Brazil. KEYWORDS: Feline. Leishmaniosis. Leishmania. PREVALENCIA DE ANTICUERPOS ANTI-Leishmania infantum EN FELINOS DOMÉSTICOS FRECUENTADORES DE CLÍNICAS Y HOSPITALES VETERINÁRIOS DE LA CIUDAD DE CASCAVEL, PARANÁ, BRASILRESUMEN: La leishmaniosis es una enfermedad grave causada por un protozoario que afecta el hombre, perros, gatos domésticos y animales salvajes, es considerada una zoonosis. Los perros domésticos son considerados los principales hospedadores y reservorios, los gatos son considerados hospedadores accidentales de la leishmaniosis, eso se debe al hecho de que no hay estudios epidemiológicos y evidencia experimental que comprueban que él puede actuar como hospedador reservorio y difundir la enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la prevalencia de la infección por el protozoo Leishmania ...

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Feline Leishmania infection in a canine leishmaniasis endemic region, Portugal

Cited by 93 publications

References 18 publications

Molecular investigation and geographical distribution of Leishmania spp infection in stray and owned cats (Felis catus) in Thessaly, central Greece

Molecular investigation and geographical distribution of Leishmania spp infection in stray and owned cats (Felis catus) in Thessaly, central Greece

Antibodies to Leishmania spp. in domestic felines

PREVALÊNCIA DE ANTICORPOS ANTI-Leishmania infantum EM FELINOS DOMÉSTICOS FREQUENTADORES DE CLÍNICAS E HOSPITAIS VETERINÁRIOS DA CIDADE DE CASCAVEL, PARANÁ, BRASIL

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