Feline Leukemia Virus Infection

Hartmann, Katrin; Hofmann‐Lehmann, Regina; Sykes, Jane E.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-50934-3.00032-x

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 352 publications

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“…Male guignas had higher probability of FeLV infection than females; this is also the case for domestic cats due to more aggressive behavior (Hartmann, 2006;Munro et al, 2014). In most solitary mammals, females are philopatric and males disperse from their natal area, fiercely fighting for territory acquisition and access to females (Moyer et al, 2006;Prugnolle & De Meeûs, 2002;Ratnayeke et al, 2002;Waser & Jones, 1983).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cross‐species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human‐occupied landscapes in Chile

Sacristán

Acuña

Aguilar

et al. 2021

Evolutionary Applications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Cross‐species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human‐occupied landscapes in Chile

Sacristán

Acuña

Aguilar

et al. 2021

Evolutionary Applications

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“…FeLV has a world-wide distribution in domestic cat populations and is one of the most important pathogens for their health (Hartmann and Hofmann-Lehmann 2020). The virus causes clinical signs such as: immune and bone marrow suppression, lymphadenopathy, lymphoma, leukaemia, oral lesions and respiratory diseases (Hartmann 2012). The virus is excreted in saliva, urine, faeces, milk and nasal secretions (Torres, Mathiason, and Hoover 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison Between Sanger, Illumina and Nanopore Sequencing Evidencing Intra-Host Variation of Feline Leukemia Virus That Infects Domestic Cats

Castillo-Aliaga,

Blanchard,

Castro-Seriche

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Knowledge of Feline Leukemia Virus (FeLV) sequence variation has mainly been developed using Sanger sequencing methods. However, advances in next generation sequencing methods and their broad use in laboratories has been changing our understanding of viral genetics. FeLV sequencing has specific complications with the presence of both exogenous (exFeLV) and endogenous (enFeLV) virus with frequent recombination between them, limiting sequencing approaches. Here we report an FeLV-A and FeLV-B amplicon-based comparison between Sanger, Illumina, and Oxford Nanopore sequencing methods in Chilean domestic cats. We analysed the hypervariable envelope gene, where a higher number of variants as well as recombination with endogenous strains occurs. We detected multiple variants and viral quasispecies infecting the cats. We compared these three methods to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages between them. Although the Sanger method is highly reliable, it showed a high fail rate (many amplicons did not produce useable sequence) and the sequences obtained showed artificial sequence clustering when compared with the NGS methods. Illumina sequencing showed a lower error rate but could not discriminate between exogenous and endogenous viruses. Finally, Oxford Nanopore (MinION) sequencing could successfully detect low-abundance sequences and discriminate between FeLV-A and FeLV-B sequences, although its higher error-rate requires caution in interpretation of the results. Our results indicate advantages and disadvantages for each method, with the purpose of sequencing needing to be considered in the choice of method. Results of large viral phylogenetic trees combing sequences derived from mixed sequencing methods, such as those combining historical and contemporary sequencing need to be considered with some caution as artificial clustering by sequencing method may occur.

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“…The clinical course for an individual patient is determined by virus-host interactions in the early stages of the disease and subsequent changes in immune regulation, such that cats may convert from one outcome to another [ 15 ]. Cats with progressive FeLV have a shorter survival than uninfected or regressively infected cats, but they can have a good quality of life with proper care [ 16 ]. Seroprevalence (of antigen) in North America was around 2% in 2022 [ 17 ], while recent studies in Europe described FeLV prevalence between 0.3% and 21.2% [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Point-of-Care Immunoassay for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies, Feline Leukemia Virus Antigen, and Dirofilaria immitis Antigen

Singh,

Davenport,

Schooley

et al. 2023

Viruses

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Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) are retroviral infections of cats worldwide whose clinical manifestations range from mild to severe disease. In both cases, infected cats can live a long life with proper care and should be managed to prevent infection of other cats. Dirofilaria immitis, the nematode that causes heartworm disease, can infect cats in any region where dogs are infected. Though cats are more resistant to infection, clinical diseases in the form of heartworm-associated respiratory disease can cause death. Screening for these infectious diseases enables veterinarians to manage their cases and prevent the spread to other cats. We describe the diagnostic accuracy of a point-of-care immunoassay for FIV, FeLV, and heartworm, compared to reference methods commonly available through reference laboratories to the practicing veterinarian. For FIV, we report 100% sensitivity (95% confidence limits (CL): 96.2–100%) and 97.8% specificity (95% CL: 95.4–99.4%). For FeLV, we report 100% sensitivity (95% CL: 97.7–100%) and 99.2% specificity (95% CL: 97.1–99.9%). And for heartworm, we report 90.2% sensitivity (95% CL: 76.9–97.3%) and 100% specificity (95% CL: 98.3–100%). Veterinarians may expect this performance relative to the reference methods they use for confirmatory serological testing.

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Feline Leukemia Virus Infection

Cited by 4 publications

References 352 publications

Cross‐species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human‐occupied landscapes in Chile

Cross‐species transmission of retroviruses among domestic and wild felids in human‐occupied landscapes in Chile

Comparison Between Sanger, Illumina and Nanopore Sequencing Evidencing Intra-Host Variation of Feline Leukemia Virus That Infects Domestic Cats

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Point-of-Care Immunoassay for Feline Immunodeficiency Virus Antibodies, Feline Leukemia Virus Antigen, and Dirofilaria immitis Antigen

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