Feline panleukopenia virus DNA shedding following modified live virus vaccination in a shelter setting

Jacobson, Linda S.; Janke, Kyrsten J; Ha, K.; Giacinti, Jolene A.; Weese, J. Scott

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105783

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Furthermore, our read abundance data suggests that the FPV vaccine virus can be shed in faeces up to four weeks after vaccination. Previous studies have demonstrated vaccine virus shedding up to 28 days after vaccination with a live modified FPV vaccine (Bergmann et al, 2019;Jacobson et al, 2022). FPV vaccine virus was detected in one control cat (#CPS35) several months after vaccination in the metagenomic library but not the metatranscriptomic library (Supporting Information Data S3).…”

Section: The Virome Of Healthy Catsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

Brussel

Wang

Shī

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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Feline panleukopenia (FPL) is a severe, often fatal disease caused by feline panleukopenia virus (FPV). How infection with FPV might impact the composition of the entire eukaryotic enteric virome in cats has not been characterized. We used meta‐transcriptomic and viral particle enrichment metagenomic approaches to characterize the enteric viromes of 23 cats naturally infected with FPV (FPV‐cases) and 36 age‐matched healthy shelter cats (healthy controls). Sequencing reads from mammalian infecting viral families largely belonged to the Coronaviridae, Parvoviridae and Astroviridae. The most abundant viruses among the healthy control cats were feline coronavirus, Mamastrovirus 2 and Carnivore bocaparvovirus 3 (feline bocavirus), with frequent coinfections of all three. Feline chaphamaparvovirus was only detected in healthy controls (6 out of 36, 16.7%). Among the FPV‐cases, in addition to FPV, the most abundant viruses were Mamastrovirus 2, feline coronavirus and C. bocaparvovirus 4 (feline bocaparvovirus 2). The latter and feline bocaparvovirus 3 were detected significantly more frequently in FPV‐cases than in healthy controls. Feline calicivirus was present in a higher proportion of FPV‐cases (11 out of 23, 47.8%) compared to healthy controls (5 out of 36, 13.9%, p = 0.0067). Feline kobuvirus infections were also common among FPV‐cases (9 out of 23, 39.1%) and were not detected in any healthy controls (p < .0001). While abundant in both groups, astroviruses were more frequently present in FPV‐cases (19 out of 23, 82.6%) than in healthy controls (18 out of 36, p = .0142). The differences in eukaryotic virome composition revealed here indicate that further investigations are warranted to determine associations between enteric viral co‐infections on clinical disease severity in cats with FPL.

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Section: The Virome Of Healthy Catsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

Brussel

Wang

Shī

et al. 2022

Transbounding Emerging Dis

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“…Indeed, CPV post-vaccinal faecal shedding was experimentally described (Decaro et al 2014 ; Freisl et al 2017 ) and, occasionally, detected (Meggiolaro et al 2017 ; Hoang et al 2019; Decaro et al 2005 ; Tucciarone et al 2018 ; Franzo et al 2019 ; Jiang et al 2021 ) in rectal/faecal swabs or faeces. Similarly, post-vaccine feline panleukopenia virus faecal shedding was experimentally described in cats (Bergmann et al 2019 ; Jacobson et al 2022 ) or detected in diagnostic samples (Decaro et al 2008 ; Van Brussel et al 2019 ; Smith et al 2021 ), suggesting the need for attention when interpreting FPV PCR positive results in recently vaccinated cats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Persistence of DNA from canine parvovirus modified-live virus in canine tissues

et al. 2022

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Canine parvovirus (CPV-2) modified-live virus vaccine strain can replicate in lymphoid tissues and intestinal mucosa after administration, being shed through canine faeces. Detection of vaccine strains has been reported in the bloodstream and faeces, potentially interfering with molecular diagnostic tests. The persistence of these strains in canine tissues has not yet been described. With this aim, canine tissues were tested during a molecular survey to screen for the presence of canine enteric viruses. Tissue samples from 165 dead dogs were tested by a conventional PCR assay. Positive samples and five commercial vaccines were subjected to sequence analysis. Vaccinal strains were detected and virus load was measured by using a set of real-time PCR assays using minor-groove binder (MGB) probes. Seventy-five dogs (45.4%) tested positive for CPV-2. Strains from 70 dogs were characterised as field variants. The presence of CPV sequences of vaccine origin was observed in the spleen, intestine, and mesenteric lymph nodes of five young dogs. Vaccinal strains were detected from 12 to 24 days after the last vaccine administration. Viral loads comprised between 6.3 × 10 2 and 9.95 × 10 4 DNA copies/10 µl of template. This study confirms that CPV vaccinal strains can be detected in canine tissues after vaccination, so post-mortem diagnosis of CPV infection needs further molecular analyses to assess the viral type (vaccine or field strains). The present study updates the current information on the persistence of CPV vaccine strains in canine tissues and their possible interference with molecular assays. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11259-022-10008-7.

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“…The incubation period of FPV is generally less than 14 days ( 5 ), and the median time from shelter admission to FPL diagnosis is 9 days ( 41 ). The risk of acquiring FPV infection is even higher in the stressful environment of shelters ( 42 ). In our study, domestic cats were maintained under well-controlled and standardized barrier conditions for 14 days followed by antigen and serology tests to screen cats that had been previously infected with FPV or in the incubation period.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

China-origin G1 group isolate FPV072 exhibits higher infectivity and pathogenicity than G2 group isolate FPV027

Xie,

Sun,

Xue

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionFeline parvovirus (FPV), a single-stranded DNA virus, is accountable for causing feline panleukopenia, a highly contagious and often lethal disease that primarily affects cats. The epidemiology prevalence and pathogenicity of FPV in certain regions of China, however, remains unclear. The aim of this research was to investigate the epidemiology of FPV in different regions of China in 2021 and compare its infectivity and pathogenicity.MethodsIn this research, a total of 36 FPV strains were obtained from diverse regions across China. Phylogenetic analysis was performed based on the VP2 and NS1 sequences, and two representative strains, FPV027 and FPV072, which belonged to different branches, were selected for comparative assessment of infectivity and pathogenicity.Results and discussionThe results revealed that all strains were phylogenetically classified into two groups, G1 and G2, with a higher prevalence of G1 strains in China. Both in vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that FPV072 (G1 group) exhibited enhanced infectivity and pathogenicity compared to FPV027 (G2 Group). The structural alignment of the VP2 protein between the two viruses revealed mutations in residues 91, 232, and 300 that may contribute to differences in infectivity and pathogenicity. The findings from these observations will contribute significantly to the overall understanding of the molecular epidemiology of FPV in China and facilitate the development of an effective FPV vaccine.

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Feline panleukopenia virus DNA shedding following modified live virus vaccination in a shelter setting

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

The enteric virome of cats with feline panleukopenia differs in abundance and diversity from healthy cats

Persistence of DNA from canine parvovirus modified-live virus in canine tissues

China-origin G1 group isolate FPV072 exhibits higher infectivity and pathogenicity than G2 group isolate FPV027

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