Feline pansteatitis revisited: Hazards of unbalanced home-made diets

Niza, Maria M. R. E.; Vilela, Concepción; Ferreira, L.M.A.

doi:10.1016/s1098-612x(03)00051-2

Cited by 56 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Pansteatitis is an inflammatory reaction accompanying fat cell necrosis that can cause death in a wide range of species (Roberts et al 1979, Herman and Kircheis 1985, Ladds et al 1995, Wong et al 1999, Niza et al 2003, Goodwin 2006, Roberts and Agius 2008, Neagari et al 2011.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem change and the Olifants River crocodile mass mortality events

Woodborne¹,

Huchzermeyer²,

Govender³

et al. 2012

Ecosphere

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Abstract. Nile crocodile (Crocodilus niloticus) mass mortality events in the Olifants River between the Letaba River confluence in South Africa and Lake Massingir in Mozambique have been attributed to pansteatitis: a disease that affects fat depots of the animals. The disease is also found in sharptooth catfish (Clarias gariepinus) in the same area, and the cause of the disease is attributed to pollution. Although the Olifants River Valley is polluted, the impact of interventions such as dam construction on biodiversity receives little attention. We show that the onset of the pansteatitis epidemic in crocodiles and sharptooth catfish at the Olifants/Letaba confluence coincided with back-flooding of Lake Massingir that changed the Olifants River from a rock and sand substrate river to a clay substrate lake. Isotopic analysis shows that sharptooth catfish shifted from a predominantly vegetarian to a piscivorous diet that is highly correlated with pansteatitis prevalence, and crocodiles and tiger fish (Hydrocynus vittatus) show coincident trophic level increases. The evidence suggests that the ecosystem change altered the structure of the lotic foodweb and that an exotic or extralimital fish has invaded the confluence and is the vector of the pansteatitis epidemic. The invasive fish species is yet to be identified. The pansteatitis epidemic is an unintended ecological consequence of damming this river.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecosystem change and the Olifants River crocodile mass mortality events

Woodborne¹,

Huchzermeyer²,

Govender³

et al. 2012

Ecosphere

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“…[25][26][27] This disorder is induced by diets consisting exclusively of fish, and lacking vitamin E to protect fat from oxidative damage. 1,2,3,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] Pansteatitis is also seen in the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) and in carnivorous mammals, such as cats and mink (Mustela vison) inappropriately fed fish diets. 31,32 Lesions are widespread in all deposits of fat, including subcutaneous and pericardial fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This pigment is the final product of peroxidation of excessive unsaturated fatty acids. 1,2,3,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] This cockatoo did not have these characteristic lesions, and its diet consisted of commercial pellets, fresh fruits and vegetables, and seeds as a treat. No oils were supplemented, and no fish or foods containing excessive amounts of longchain saturated fatty acids were fed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coelomic Granulomatous Fat Necrosis (Lipogranulomatosis) in an Umbrella Cockatoo (Cacatua alba)

Oglesbee¹,

Lightner²,

Oglesbee³

2014

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery

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A 28-year-old, female umbrella cockatoo (Cacatua alba) was evaluated because of lethargy, anorexia, regurgitation, and coelomic swelling of 6 month's duration, which corresponded to cessation of egg laying. Radiographs and ultrasound examination demonstrated extensive deposits of coelomic fat and an enlarged oviduct. Exploratory celiotomy demonstrated copious amounts of firm, nodular fat completely surrounding the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in extensive chronic adhesions between intestinal loops. Free yolk was present in the cranial left coelom, yolk coelomitis was diagnosed, and a salpingohysterectomy was performed. Two days after surgery, the bird stopped passing feces and began regurgitating after eating, and a colonic obstruction was demonstrated via contrast radiography. Euthanasia was elected, and necropsy revealed an obstruction of the distal colon caused by extraluminal compression by adhesions of firm, nodular fat. Histologic examination demonstrated extensive fat necrosis with granulomatous inflammation, characterized by cords of necrotic fat surrounded by multinucleated giant cells and epithelioid macrophages with scattered lymphocytes and plasma cells and rare heterophils. The clinical signs, gross lesions, and histologic lesions are characteristic of massive fat necrosis (lipogranulomatosis) in ruminants and mesenteric panniculitis in humans and companion mammals. This is the first report, to our knowledge, of this disease in psittacine birds.

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“…30,31 However, these responses are believed to reflect a pharmacological response to high doses of vitamin E, rather than a response to a dietary deficiency state. 35 Red tuna packed in oil contains high levels of PUFAs and low levels of vitamin E. The addition of large amounts of fish products to a cat's diet appears to be the most common cause of this disease (see Section 4, p. 279). 255-256 for a complete discussion).…”

Section: Unlike Many Animals Dogs and Cats Have Limited Ability To Cmentioning

confidence: 99%