Feline progressive dendritic cell histiocytosis in a domestic long hair feline

Solc, Meghan; Jazic, Edward; Crandell, John M.; Loeffler, Diana

doi:10.1136/vetreccr-2017-000428

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…12 The use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, interferon, nitrogen mustard, vincristine and vinblastine were administered to cats with this disease. 12,14…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 FPH FPH is the most common histiocytic disease in cats, 12 occurring in older cats, ranging in age from 2 to 17 years. 6,[12][13][14] It behaves clinically as a low-grade HS, which develops from resident interstitial DCs in the skin. 12 It is considered a rare disease with no breed predilection and a slight predilection for females.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 The use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, interferon, nitrogen mustard, vincristine and vinblastine were administered to cats with this disease. 12,14 HS complex HS arises from cells with the phenotypic profile of interstitial DCs. 6,12 While any tissue can be affected, 4 masses are more frequent in the bone marrow, lung, lymph nodes, meninges, periarticular tissues of extremities, skin, nasal cavity and spleen.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in cats and a literature review of feline histiocytic diseases

Argenta

Britto

Pereira

et al. 2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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Objectives The aim of this study was to report the clinical, radiographic and pathological features of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in four cats, and carry out a literature review of feline histiocytic diseases. Methods Necropsy reports archived at the Department of Veterinary Pathology of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul were reviewed. The clinical information was then obtained from the clinical records at the Veterinary Hospital. Routine samples had been collected during necropsy, fixed in 10% formalin, routinely processed for histology, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Samples of lung were submitted for bacterial and fungal culture. Tissue sections of lung underwent immunohistochemical testing for vimentin, pancytokeratin, CD18, CD3, CD79αcy, E-cadherin and Iba1. Results This disease affected mixed breed cats aged 7–14 years. Clinical signs consisted of severe mixed inspiratory and expiratory restrictive dyspnea, lethargy and anorexia. Thoracic radiographs revealed different lesion profiles, predominantly of an interstitial and alveolar pattern. Grossly, the lungs were diffusely firm and did not collapse. The pleural surface was bright and irregular due to multifocal-to-coalescent, well-demarcated, white, firm nodules that also extended into and obliterated the pulmonary parenchyma. Histological changes were characterized by poorly demarcated infiltration with histiocytic cells arranged in cohesive groups within the alveolar, bronchiolar and bronchial spaces. Histiocytic cells had intense cytoplasmic immunolabeling for vimentin and Iba1, and robust membrane immunolabeling with CD18 and E-cadherin; these cells were negative for CD3, CD79αcy and pancytokeratin in all cases. Conclusions and relevance This article confirms that pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease that occurs in middle-aged to older cats and causes widespread involvement of the pulmonary parenchyma, inducing acute or chronic, progressive respiratory disease characterized by mixed restrictive dyspnea that eventually leads to death. While a definitive clinical diagnosis is challenging, the nodular appearance of the pulmonary changes, together with the histological and immunohistochemistry findings, suffice for diagnostic confirmation of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis.

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“…12 The use of corticosteroids, antibiotics, interferon, nitrogen mustard, vincristine and vinblastine were administered to cats with this disease. 12,14…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in cats and a literature review of feline histiocytic diseases

Argenta

Britto

Pereira

et al. 2019

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…According to literature, progressive histiocytosis may spread and reach the lymphatic system through the lymph nodes, subsequently becoming systemic. When systemic, multiple nodules extend from the initial nodule and may become ulcerated and plaque-shaped [6][7][8]10]. The non-aggressive behavior observed in this case is possibly related to the non-epitheliotropic pattern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This type of tumor is clinically indistinguishable from other neoplastic, allergic and inflammatory diseases, such as granulomas and tumor metastases [10], as well as other primary neoplasms, xanthomas, sarcomas and mastocytomas [5,6]. These conditions are important differentials within the histological examination and should be addressed initially by morphology and when possible, through specific markers in immunohistochemistry, as they commonly change over time [9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progressive Histiocytosis of Non-Epitheliotropic Dendritic Cells in a Feline

Santos

Menezes

Neto

et al. 2020

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background: Histiocytic tumors in felines are nodules that commonly develop on limbs and head extremities. They can be divided into many subtypes including cutaneous histiocytoma, histiocytic sarcoma, reactive fibrohistiocytic nodule, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and progressive feline dendritic cell. Despite the same origin, they have behaviors that differ from each other, thus it is important to confirm diagnosis with histopathological and immunohistochemical tests, because early identification can facilitate prognosis and treatment. In this study, we describe the pathological and immunohistochemical characteristics, enabling differentiation feline neoplasms derived from histiocytes. Case: A 5-year-old, crossbreed, male, feline presented with a nodulation at the base of the left ear. The mass was slow growing, partially alopecic, with no other changes associated with tumor development. The nodule was round and circumscribed, movable, with an elevated surface. He was referred for surgery and an elliptical sample around the tumor was carefully dissected. Routine histopathological evaluation was performed with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), as well as immunohistochemistry. Histopathology showed circumscribed proliferation of histiocytic cells, with abundant and eosinophilic cytoplasm. The proliferative cells were large and rounded, extending from the superficial dermis and basement membrane to the deep dermis. At the extremities, some cells had visible vacuoles. Mitotic activity ranged from 3 to 4 mitoses per field in 40x magnification. Immunohistochemistry showed positive staining for histocompatibility complex MCII and lysozyme antibodies, marking histiocytic cells. Labeling was positive for CD20 in cells of lymphoid lineage B and negative for E-cadherin. Histiocytic cells did not invade the epidermis; hence, proliferation was classified as nonepitheliotropic. These methods contribute to the literature regarding the diagnosis of this rare tumor. Therefore, histological as well as immunohistochemical evaluation are important bfor confirming clinical diagnosis of histiocytic proliferation non-epitheliotropic. Discussion: Progressive histiocytosis of feline dendritic cells, in both epitheliotropic and non-epitheliotropic forms, is considered a clinically progressive and rare disorder. There are reports which include cytological, clinical, histological and immunohistochemical examinations, but the diagnostic characteristics regarding the non-epitheliotropic classification have not yet been properly identified. Nodulations are predominantly observed in head and limb regions, usually non-ulcerated, which can both increase and decrease in size, and are typically painless. The tumor in the present case was restricted to the base of the ear and no evidence of infiltration or metastasis was found. Progressive histiocytosis may spread and reach the lymphatic system through the lymph nodes, subsequently becoming systemic. The non-aggressive behavior observed in this case is possibly related to the non-epitheliotropic pattern. In the present case, MHC II histocompatibility complex markers, a phenotype compatible with dendritic cells, were used. Lysozyme antibodies marked histiocytic cells and the reactive lymphoid infiltrate was composed of CD20-positive B lymphoid lineage cells. Staining for E-cadherin was negative, negative results in labeling experiments is common, it is dependent upon the cellular origin of the leukocytes present in the sample. Staining for these molecules is recommended for differentiating feline progressive histiocytosis from Langerhans cells. Langerhans cells can be characterized by E-cadherin expression in about 10% of cases and marked T lymphocyte and neutrophil expression in the affected tissue. In this case, the histopathological exam along with immunohistochemistry was essential for differentiating them.

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Feline progressive histiocytosis: a retrospective investigation of 26 cases and preliminary study of Ki67 as a prognostic marker

et al. 2019

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Feline progressive histiocytosis (FPH) is an uncommon and infrequently reported cutaneous histiocytic proliferative disorder, whose clinical presentation is solitary or multiple cutaneous nodules and papules, with late-course internal metastasis. We describe herein the clinical, epidemiologic, histologic, and immunohistochemical features of this entity, and document the outcome of FPH based on a retrospective study of 26 cases. Female and male cats were affected equally. Lesions were evident either as solitary (16 of 26 cases) or multiple (10 of 26 cases) nonpruritic and alopecic nodules or plaques, preferentially located on the legs and extremities (73%). Follow-up was complete for 19 cats, and ranged from 41 to 1,449 d. Nine died of FPH with a median overall survival of 96 d (range: 41–238 d). The disease recurred in 14 cats after surgical excision of the nodules, and the median disease-free survival was 175 d (range: 21–1,449 d). Five of the 26 cats were alive at the end of the study, and 4 had no progression of the disease. Histologically, lesions were characterized by poorly circumscribed, unencapsulated histiocytic infiltration of dermis and subcutis. Epitheliotropism was observed in 11 (42%) cats. Atypical histiocytes diffusely and consistently expressed MHC II, CD18, and Iba1. Statistically significant higher E-cadherin expression was observed in epitheliotropic cases compared to non-epitheliotropic cases. A negative correlation between overall survival and proliferation index was evident, thus suggesting Ki67 as a promising prognostic marker.

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Feline progressive dendritic cell histiocytosis in a domestic long hair feline

Cited by 4 publications

References 5 publications

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in cats and a literature review of feline histiocytic diseases

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis in cats and a literature review of feline histiocytic diseases

Progressive Histiocytosis of Non-Epitheliotropic Dendritic Cells in a Feline

Feline progressive histiocytosis: a retrospective investigation of 26 cases and preliminary study of Ki67 as a prognostic marker

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