Feline Sporotrichosis

Rodrigues, Anderson Messias; Hoog, G.S. de; Camargo, Zoilo Pires de

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-72093-7_10

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 151 publications

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“…For conventional identification of clinically relevant Sporothrix spp. strains when molecular testing is not available, Rodrigues et al proposed a dichotomous key, based on phenotypic features (morphology of conidia, growth at different temperatures, and carbohydrate assimilation) [ 19 , 107 ].…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Human and Feline Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Rossow

Queiroz‐Telles

Cáceres

et al. 2020

JoF

101

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Cat-transmitted sporotrichosis caused by Sporothrix brasiliensis has become a major public health concern and presents a distinct divergence from the traditional epidemiology of sporotrichosis. This emerging fungal pathogen spreads readily among cat populations, and human infections occur exclusively via zoonotic transmission. While sporotrichosis is an implantation mycosis that typically manifests as cutaneous lesions in humans and cats, severe extracutaneous manifestations are more common with S. brasiliensis than other Sporothrix species infections. Rapid diagnosis and appropriate treatment regimens are critical for successful clinical resolution of sporotrichosis in both cats and humans. Species-level identification of Sporothrix is possible with molecular diagnostics and necessary for tracking the geographic expansion of S. brasiliensis and better understanding its epidemiology. Combatting cat-transmitted sporotrichosis requires a One Health approach to successfully implement public health control measures.

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Section: Diagnosis Of Human and Feline Sporotrichosismentioning

confidence: 99%

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Rossow

Queiroz‐Telles

Cáceres

et al. 2020

JoF

101

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“…Sporotrichosis occurs predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions and is considered the most frequent subcutaneous mycosis in Latin America, where it is endemic 3 . The classical form of infection is through direct contact with contaminated material, normally by cutaneous inoculation 4 or, less frequently, by inhalation of conidia 5 . However, an alternative route of infection involves the zoonotic transmission of the agent mostly though bites and scratches from infected domestic cats 6,7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Primary conjunctival sporotrichosis in three cats from Northeastern Brazil

Spinelli¹,

Bezerra²,

Souza

et al. 2021

Veterinary Ophthalmology

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Introduction Classically, sporotrichosis occurs as a chronic granulomatous lymphocutaneous infection. The extracutaneous form is uncommon and may affect the eye without cutaneous involvement. The most frequent form of ocular sporotrichosis reported in humans is a granulomatous conjunctivitis. There are no previous reports on primary ocular sporotrichosis in cats. Procedures Three mixed breed cats rescued from shelters were referred by the veterinarian for ophthalmic evaluation with a complaint of conjunctivitis nonresponsive to treatment with no evidence of skin disease or systemic disease. Complete ophthalmic examination, conjunctival cytology, and microbiological analysis were performed. Results Ophthalmic examinations revealed epiphora, purulent ocular discharge, conjunctival hyperemia, and a mass in the palpebral conjunctiva. Conjunctival cytology revealed segmented and degenerated neutrophils, conjunctival epithelial cells, and an abundant number of round and oval cells compatible with Sporothrix spp. Microbiological culture was performed and confirmed the presence of fungi from the Sporothrix schenckii complex. All animals were treated with oral itraconazole; two animals received topical itraconazole in association with oral treatment. Case 1 was refractory to treatment, and iodate potassium was combined with itraconazole therapy without resolution at the time of this publication. Cases 2 and 3 had complete resolution of conjunctival lesions with four months of oral and topical itraconazole therapy. Conclusion Conjunctival sporotrichosis should be considered as a differential diagnosis of conjunctivitis in cats from endemic regions. Conjunctival cytology is an important tool that can aid early diagnosis.

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“…In humans, cutaneous lesions develop at the site of inoculation, and dissemination can occur through the lymphatics during the first 2–3 weeks of infection [ 7 ]. Cats are highly susceptible to Sporothrix , and the most common clinical manifestations include multiple skin nodules and ulcers, often associated with nasal mucosa lesions and respiratory signs [ 8 – 11 ], which can lead to the development of severe forms that are difficult to treat and may lead to the death of animals [ 12 , 13 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome-wide mapping using new AFLP markers to explore intraspecific variation among pathogenic Sporothrix species

et al. 2020

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Sporotrichosis is a chronic subcutaneous mycosis caused by Sporothrix species, of which the main aetiological agents are S. brasiliensis, S. schenckii, and S. globosa. Infection occurs after a traumatic inoculation of Sporothrix propagules in mammals' skin and can follow either a classic route through traumatic inoculation by plant debris (e.g., S. schenckii and S. globosa) or an alternative route through zoonotic transmission from animals (e.g., S. brasiliensis). Epizootics followed by a zoonotic route occur in Brazil, with Rio de Janeiro as the epicenter of a recent cat-transmitted epidemic. DNA-based markers are needed to explore the epidemiology of these Sporothrix expansions using molecular methods. This paper reports the use of amplified-fragment-length polymorphisms (AFLP) to assess the degree of intraspecific variability among Sporothrix species. We used whole-genome sequences from Sporothrix species to generate 2,304 virtual AFLP fingerprints. In silico screening highlighted 6 primer pair combinations to be tested in vitro. The protocol was used to genotype 27 medically relevant Sporothrix. Based on the overall scored AFLP markers (97-137 fragments), the values of polymorphism information content (PIC = 0.2552-0.3113), marker index (MI = 0.002-0.0039), effective multiplex ratio (E = 17.8519-35.2222), resolving power (Rp = 33.6296-63.1852), discriminating power (D = 0.9291-0.9662), expected heterozygosity (H = 0.3003-0.3857), and mean heterozygosity (H avp = 0.0001) demonstrated the utility of these primer combinations for discriminating Sporothrix. AFLP markers revealed cryptic diversity in species previously thought to be the most prevalent clonal type, such as S. brasiliensis, responsible for cat-transmitted sporotrichosis, and S. globosa responsible for large sapronosis outbreaks in Asia. Three combinations (#3 EcoRI-FAM-GA/MseI-TT, #5 EcoRI-FAM-GA/MseI-AG, and #6 EcoRI-FAM-TA/MseI-AA) provide the best diversity indices and lowest error rates. These methods make it easier to track routes of disease transmission during epizooties and zoonosis, and our DNA fingerprint assay can be further transferred between laboratories to give insights into the ecology and PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES

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Feline Sporotrichosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 151 publications

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

A One Health Approach to Combatting Sporothrix brasiliensis: Narrative Review of an Emerging Zoonotic Fungal Pathogen in South America

Primary conjunctival sporotrichosis in three cats from Northeastern Brazil

Genome-wide mapping using new AFLP markers to explore intraspecific variation among pathogenic Sporothrix species

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