The paper deals with the change of attitudes of the Serbian Orthodox Church
towards homosexuality in the period from 2001 to 2021. Since, according to
research, the Church ranks high (sometimes the highest) on the scale of
trust that Serbian citizens have in institutions, it is reasonable to assume
that it has a significant impact on shaping public opinion. The dominant
attitude of the church officials about same-sex attraction has varied over
time. Before the first attempt at the Pride Parade in Belgrade in 2001,
there was absolute silence in the Church on the topic of same-sex affection,
that is, a conspicuous disregard of it. After that, the ?politics of
silence? gradually gave way to a strong moralistic condemnation, which
reached its peak in 2010, when the first successful Pride was held in the
Serbian capital. It should be mentioned that, in addition to the
condemnation, there were ambivalent attitudes of the church officials and
prominent believers towards homosexuality / homosexuals. Ambivalence was
expressed through the maxim: ?we hate the sin, we love the sinners.? The
views of the Church were particularly visible during the public debate on
the adoption of the Law on Prohibition of Discrimination in 2009. The
discourse of religious condemnation of homosexuality is usually imbued with
pronounced anti-Westernism and disparagement of liberal values and
practices, traditionally marked, i.e. branded, as ?European? and ?those that
are not in accordance with the tradition of the Serbian people.? The
position of the Serbian Orthodox Church, in the most general terms, follows
the general dynamics of political changes in Serbia. In the last few years,
the political elite in Serbia has been instrumentalizing the rights and
freedoms of sexual and gender minorities in order to gain international
support (above all, from EU countries) for remaining in power through
?tactical Europeanization.? The state administration proclaims its alleged
adherence to the principles of the European Union, without any genuine
interest in improving the social position of non-heterosexuals and gender
non-conformists. In the context of a ?captured society? (where social actors
are caught in a network of corrupt exchanges in order to reproduce the rule
of political oligarchies and fabricate the legitimacy of their rule), the
Church has agreed to demonstrate a more moderate stance towards
homosexuality, as a symbolically and materially more profitable one.