Female autonomy and intimate partner violence: findings from the Zimbabwe demographic and health survey, 2015

Bengesai, Annah Vimbai; Khan, Hafiz T. A.

doi:10.1080/13691058.2020.1743880

Cited by 34 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…In our study, we incorporated two sets of explanatory variables. The first set of explanatory variables includes women’s autonomy constructed from their intrahousehold decision making power in large purchases, own healthcare and own mobility (visit to family or relatives), and attitude towards intimate partner violence (IPV), such as justification of beating by their husbands while a woman goes out without having permission from her husband, neglects children at home, argues with husband, refuses to have sexual intercourse with her husband, burns food while cooking following some literature [ 16 , 21 – 23 ]. Women’s autonomy is coded as ‘yes’ if at least two decisions of the three are taken by a woman alone or jointly with her husband as opposed to ‘no’ if the decisions taken in a similar way are less than two or a woman has no role in making household decisions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does gender inequality matter for access to and utilization of maternal healthcare services in Bangladesh?

2021

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There is a high prevalence of gender gap in Bangladesh which might affect women’s likelihood to receive maternal healthcare services. In this backdrop, we aim to investigate how gender inequality measured by intrahousehold bargaining power (or autonomy) of women and their attitudes towards intimate partner violence (IPV) affects accessing and utilizing maternal health care services. We used Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) data of 2014 covering 5460 women who gave birth at least one child in the last three years preceding the survey. We performed logistic regression to estimate the effect of women’s autonomy and their attitude towards IPV on access to and utilization of maternal healthcare services. Besides, we employed different channels to understand the heterogeneous effect of gender inequality on access to maternal healthcare services. We observed that women having autonomy positively influenced attaining five required antenatal care (ANC) services (AOR: 1.17; 95% CI: 0.98–1.41) and women’s negative attitudes towards IPV were positively associated with five ANC services (AOR: 1.42; 95% CI: 1.02–1.97), sufficient ANC visits (COR: 1.55; CI: 1.19–2.01), skilled birth attendant (SBA) (AOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.05–1.94) and postnatal care (PNC) services (AOR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.12–1.84). Besides, rural residency, religion, household wealth, education of both women and husband were found to have some of the important channels which were making stronger effect of gender inequality on access to maternal healthcare services. The findings of our study indicate a significant association between access to maternal healthcare services and women’s autonomy as well as attitude towards IPV in Bangladesh. We, therefore, recommend to protect women from violence at home and mprove their intrahousehold bargaining power to increase their access to and utilization of required maternal healthcare services.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does gender inequality matter for access to and utilization of maternal healthcare services in Bangladesh?

2021

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“…Therefore, we see the ability to negotiate joint ownership as not only a direct challenge to this social norm but also evidence of empowerment. Second, decision-making in the patriarchal Zimbabwean society is the privilege of men (Bengesai & Khan, 2020). As such, women's involvement in decision-making is a sign of their improved status and suggest better spousal understanding (Dalal et al, 2014).…”

Section: Women Empowermentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sub-Saharan Africa, violence within intimate relationships ranges from 42.3% in Nigeria to 67.7% in Ethiopia (Beyene et al, 2019). Statistics from Zimbabwe indicate that almost a third of young girls have been sexually victimized by the age of 18 years (Zimbabwe National Statistics Agency, 2014), while one in four women have experienced violence within an intimate relationship (Bengesai & Khan, 2020). Domestic violence, which usually occurs within a marriage or family, is the most common type of violence against women (Kabir & Khan, 2019;Kim et al, 2007;Tran et al, 2018;Wekwete et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is despite the fact that emotional violence (a) has now been identified as an indicator of progress under Sustainable Development Goal 5.2 (Sachs, 2012) and is (b) the most experienced type of IPV globally (Dokkedahl et al, 2019;Gibbs et al, 2018;Mills, 1999;Tran et al, 2018). Available evidence suggests that emotional violence might also affect 25% to 30% of Zimbabwean women (Bengesai & Khan, 2020;Wekwete et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Association Between Women Empowerment and Emotional Violence in Zimbabwe: A Cluster Analysis Approach

Bengesai

Derera

2021

Sage Open

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This study examined the relationship between women’s empowerment and different dimensions of emotional violence in Zimbabwe using cluster analysis and logistic regression. We used data from the 2015 Zimbabwe Demographic and Health Survey, a nationally representative household study of fertility, health, and mortality indicators among women aged 15 to 49 years. Our sample consisted of 2,966 currently partnered women at the time of the survey. Our results revealed that more than 60% of the women had experienced emotional intimate partner violence (IPV), of which controlling behaviors were the most prevalent form. The results showed that women empowerment in Zimbabwe is primarily characterized by economic empowerment, household bargaining power, and freedom of movement. At the same time, educational attainment, health decision-making, and attitudes toward gender-based violence had expected relatively weak empowerment effects. The results also revealed that economically empowered women were less likely to experience denigrating or threatening behaviors, whereas those who had high levels of freedom of movement had a lower risk of experiencing all forms of emotional IPV except for threatening behavior. These findings suggest that emotional IPV is a considerable societal problem in Zimbabwe, and interventions that increase economic empowerment and freedom of movement may reduce the risk. Future research studies may examine the likelihood of reverse causality between women empowerment and emotional IPV.

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“…IPV against women is a common and significant public health issue [5][6][7]. Globally, it is estimated that one in three women have been subjected to intimate partner violence at some point in their lives, but these estimations vary widely between countries [8][9][10][11]. Violence against women is considered a serious violation of human rights [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic violence against women: A case in Turkey

2021

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The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting the exposure of women in the 15–59 age group in Turkey to economic violence by their husbands/partners. The micro data set of the National Research on Domestic Violence against Women in Turkey, which was conducted by the Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, was employed in this study. The factors affecting women’s exposure to economic violence were determined using the binary logistic regression analysis. In the study, women in the 15–24, 25–34 and 35–44 age group had a higher ratio of exposure to economic violence compared to the reference group. Women who graduated from elementary school, secondary school, and high school had a higher ratio of exposure to economic violence compared to those who have never gone to school. Women’s exposure to physical, sexual and verbal violence was also important factor affecting women’s exposure to economic violence. The results obtained in this study are important in that they can be a source of information for establishing policies and programs to prevent violence against women. This study can also be a significant guide in determining priority areas for the resolution of economic violence against women.

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Female autonomy and intimate partner violence: findings from the Zimbabwe demographic and health survey, 2015

Cited by 34 publications

References 42 publications

Does gender inequality matter for access to and utilization of maternal healthcare services in Bangladesh?

Does gender inequality matter for access to and utilization of maternal healthcare services in Bangladesh?

The Association Between Women Empowerment and Emotional Violence in Zimbabwe: A Cluster Analysis Approach

Economic violence against women: A case in Turkey

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