Female ejaculation: An update on anatomy, history, and controversies

Rodríguez, Félix D.; Camacho, Amarilis; Bordes, Stephen J; Gardner, Brady; Levin, Roy J.; Tubbs, R. Shane

doi:10.1002/ca.23654

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Urea, creatinine, and uric acid in the SQ fluid confirm that it comes from the kidneys and is collected in the urinary bladder. There is no agreement on whether the biochemical composition of SQ fluid is identical to urine or is actually its diluted form (Pastor & Chmel, 2018; Rodriguez et al, 2021; Rubio‐Casillas & Jannini, 2011; Salama et al, 2015; Schubach, 2001). Two studies reported that SQ fluid is the diluted urine, (Rubio‐Casillas & Jannini, 2011; Schubach, 2001) while others assumed that it is biochemically identical with urine (Table 4) (Goldberg et al, 1983; Pastor & Chmel, 2018; Salama et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More accurately, this fluid is mainly from FE or SQ. The difference between these two terms, in terms of their similarity to urine, has been discussed (Rodriguez et al, 2021). In our opinion, the ambiguity between these two terms may unnecessarily complicate previous and future clinical and anatomical research.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While the classification and differential diagnosis for EO have been proposed previously, (Levin et al, 2016; Pastor, 2013; Pastor & Chmel, 2018; Rogers et al, 2018; Rubio‐Casillas & Jannini, 2011; Salama et al, 2015) it is rarely used both in practice and in studies. The differences among sexual fluids are known at present (Pastor, 2013; Pastor & Chmel, 2018; Rodriguez et al, 2021; Rubio‐Casillas & Jannini, 2011; Salama et al, 2015; Schubach, 2001) However, orgasmic fluid excretion is often universally considered FE, and the fluid itself is considered an ejaculate from female prostate because it contains PSA (Rodriguez et al, 2021). This review aimed to clarify the inaccuracies regarding “sexual” fluids and highlight the differences between FE and SQ.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Female ejaculation and squirting as similar but completely different phenomena: A narrative review of current research

Pastor

Chmel

2022

Clinical Anatomy

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Women expel fluids of various quantities and compositions from the urethra during sexual arousal and orgasm. These are classified as either female ejaculation (FE) or squirting (SQ). The aim of our analysis was to present evidence that FE and SQ are similar but etiologically different phenomena. A review of studies was performed on fluids expelled from the urogenital tract during female sexual activities using the Web of Knowledge™ (Web of Science Core Collection) and MEDLINE (Ovid) databases from 1946 to 2021. Until 2011, all female orgasmic expulsions of fluids were referred to as FE. The fluid was known to be either from the paraurethral glands or as a result of coital incontinence. At present, SQ is considered as a transurethral expulsion of approximately 10 milliliters or more of transparent fluid, while FE is considered as a secretion of a few milliliters of thick fluid. The fluid in SQ is similar to urine and is expelled by the urinary bladder. The secretion in FE originates from the paraurethral glands and contains a high concentration of prostate-specific antigen. Both phenomena can occur simultaneously.The mechanisms underlying SQ and FE are entirely different. SQ is a massive transurethral orgasmic expulsion from the urinary bladder, while FE is the secretion of a very small amount of fluid from the paraurethral glands.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Female ejaculation and squirting as similar but completely different phenomena: A narrative review of current research

Pastor

Chmel

2022

Clinical Anatomy

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“…Female ejaculation is another fluid that has been described which occurs during orgasm. It consists of the secretion of a few milliliters of a dense and milky liquid through the urethra, being originated in the paraurethral (Skene's) glands, which are considered to be the female prostate or G spot for some authors, as it contains prostate specific antigen (PSA) [23]. However, at orgasm, another fluid can be expelled: squirting or gushing.…”

Section: Urinary Incontinence During Sexual Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Women’s Sexuality

Sancho¹,

Ribera-Torres²,

Castelo-Branco³

et al. 2022

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Objective: Globally, the prevalence of urinary incontinence (UI) in women is estimated to be in the range of 25% to 45%. Different types of UI exist, being the most frequent ones stress UI, urgency UI and mixed UI. Being affected by UI is associated with a higher risk of sexual inactivity, regardless of its type. Mechanism: It is estimated that 5-38% patients with UI are sexually inactive due to UI, whereas 25-38% sexually active women would restrict their sexual activity due to UI. The prevalence of sexual dysfunction within sexually active women with UI is 23-56%. Findings in brief: In patients with UI, the most frequent sexual dysfunctions are dyspareunia (44%), female sexual interest/arousal disorder (34%) and orgasmic disorder (11%). Therefore, UI has a negative impact on the sexual function of sexually active women with UI. Coital incontinence is defined as the complaint of involuntary loss of urine during or after intercourse. UI with penetration represents any complaint of involuntary loss of urine with vaginal stimulation (either with a sexual toy, manually or with penetration). Orgasmic UI refers to any complaint of involuntary loss of urine occurring at orgasm, regardless of the sexual behaviour that has triggered it. Due to the high prevalence of coital UI (50-60%) in the female population and its strongly negative impact on women's sexuality, patients should be specifically asked for coital UI in the gynecologic visits. Conclusions: UI affects between one in four and one in two women and had a negative impact on quality of life. Not only UI has an impact on female sexuality, but also different treatments which are offered to treat it can play a role. The reduction of sexual problems with pelvic floor muscle training in women with stress UI has been proved, being the rate of sexual activity doubled. A significant improvement of the overactive bladder associated to urgency UI and female sexual function has been described after the pharmacological treatment or botulinum toxin. Finally, significant improvement of the sexual function has also been found after midurethral slings for stress UI, as well as for coital UI.

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“…Further studies should focus this aspect, with validated psychometric tools designed to examine selfperceived orgasmic intensity [72]. G-spot and CUV complex are in fact frequently associated with other sexual phenomena, such as squirting (SQ) [61,75] and female ejaculation (FE) [62,[76][77][78][79]. FE is the secretion of a few milliliters of a thick, milky fluid by the female prostate (Skene's glands) during orgasm, which contains prostatespecific antigen.…”

Section: Which Function For the G-spot? Towards A Multifactorial Explanation Of The Female Sexual Experiencementioning

confidence: 99%

Do We Still Believe There Is a G-spot?

Mollaioli

Sansone

Colonnello

et al. 2021

Curr Sex Health Rep

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In the field of female sexuality, the existence of the so-called “G-spot” represents a topic still anchored to anecdotes and opinions and explained using non-scientific points, as well as being overused for commercial and mediatic purposes. Purpose of Review The scope of this review is to give an update on the current state of information regarding the G-spot and suggesting potential future directions in the research field of this interesting, albeit controversial, aspect of human sexual physiology. Recent Findings From evolutionary, anatomical, and functional points of view, new evidence has rebutted the original conceptualization of the G-spot, abandoning the idea of a specific anatomical point able to produce exceptional orgasmic experiences through the stimulation of the anterior vaginal wall, the site where the G-spot is assumed to be. From a psychological perspective, only few findings to date are able to describe the psychological, behavioral, and social correlates of the pleasure experience by G-spot-induced or, better, vaginally induced orgasm (VAO). Summary Recent literature suggests the existence of a G-spot but specifies that, since it is not a spot, neither anatomically nor functionally, it cannot be called G, nor spot, anymore. It is indeed a functional, dynamic, and hormone-dependent area (called clitorourethrovaginal, CUV, complex), extremely individual in its development and action due to the combined influence of biological and psychological aspects, which may trigger VAO and in some particular cases also female ejaculation (FE).

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Female ejaculation: An update on anatomy, history, and controversies

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Female ejaculation and squirting as similar but completely different phenomena: A narrative review of current research

Female ejaculation and squirting as similar but completely different phenomena: A narrative review of current research

Impact of Urinary Incontinence on Women’s Sexuality

Do We Still Believe There Is a G-spot?

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