Female Genital Mutilation in Benin: Prevalence and Associated Factors Based on Data from the Demographic and Health Survey, 2011-2012

Kpozéhouen, Alphonse; Ahanhanzo, Yolaine Glèlè; Klikpo, E; Azandjame, Colette; Chabi, Alphonse; Jérôme, Charles Sossa; Paraïso, Moussiliou Noël; Ouendo, Edgard-Marius

doi:10.11648/j.wjph.20190404.11

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 20 publications

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“…The analysis also reveals that religion is not associated with FGMs in Benin even though Muslims are in the large majority in the area of investigation (72.5% against 23.9% of Christians and 3% of practitioners of endogenous religions). Although contrary to the analysis of the DHS Benin 2011/2012 carried out by Kpozehouen & al. (2019), this result seems consistent with those of DHS Niger-2012 which reveal that a high proportion of women (85%) and men (86%) believe that FGMs are not required by religion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Factors Associated with the Persistence of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Benin

AFFO

2023

IJSSHR

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Female Genital Mutilations (FGM) officially constitute a particular form of Gender-Based Violence associated with certain socio-cultural groups and / or regions. They are generally practiced with the purpose to control women sexuality. In Benin, the political will materialized by restrictive legislation as well as multiple strategies and actions developed to eliminate FGM has not yet been able to curb their trend. On the contrary, they persist through more underground forms that are sometimes deterritorialized. This paper aims to examine factors underlying the persistence of FGM in Benin. The explanatory factors for the persistence of FGM were investigated through the analysis of a secondary data from the survey on the persistence of FGM in the four departments of North Benin conducted in 2020. Thus, Multiple Correspondence Analysis, Regression analysis and content analysis methods were used. Results show that parents who approved the continuation of FGM are mostly uneducated, live in rural areas in poor households, are unaware of the laws that prohibit FGM, praise the benefits of FGM and already have at least one “circumcised” daughter. Moreover, they consider the control actions ineffective. For them, FGM represents a symbol of identity that provides affection, security, protection, solidarity and survival to women. The analyses also show that the department, the ethnicity, household wealth index, the recognition of the advantages of FGM, the non-regret of having been affected by FGM and the ignorance of the laws against FGM perpetuate this phenomenon. From a reproductive justice perspective, it is possible to negotiate with the grassroot population the perpetuation of the symbolic and festive character of this identity rite by substituting any attack on the physical and psychological integrity of women with sexual and reproductive health education.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Factors Associated with the Persistence of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Benin

AFFO

2023

IJSSHR

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A retrospective analysis of the trends in the prevalence of female genital mutilation and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Nigeria 2011–2021

Sanni,

Onyeagwaibe

et al. 2024

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care

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Background: Female genital mutilation (FGM) is widely acknowledged globally as a violation of the fundamental human rights of girls and women. FGM is still widely practiced in Nigeria but at diminishing rates. Primary care physicians must educate and campaign to end this hazardous practice in Nigeria, especially in high-incidence areas. This study fills the knowledge gap by identifying FGM determinants to help policymakers reduce it. Method: The study employed a retrospective cross-sectional design using data from the United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund for 2011, 2016–2017, and 2021. The sampling involved multistage cluster sampling. Data analysis utilized IBM-SPSS, presenting FGM prevalence across years and exploring associations with various factors. Results: This study analyzed 63,365 Nigerian women across a decade (2011, 2016–2017, and 2021). FGM awareness fluctuated (35.1% in 2016–2017, 33.0% in 2011, and 31.9% in 2021), while FGM prevalence increased from 46.6% (2011) to 69.5% (2021). Education correlated with lower FGM prevalence. Geographic disparities were observed, with the Southwest having the highest (70.1%) and the Northeast having the lowest (34.5%) prevalence. Religion influenced FGM rates, with Christians (54.2%) and those with other/no religion (58.0%) showing higher rates than Muslims (52.6%). Urban women had a slightly lower prevalence (52.6%) than rural women (54.2%), and wealth quintiles displayed variations. Variability was also evident among states, ranging from 2.0% to 86.3%. Daughters’ circumcision was influenced by maternal circumcision status, education, region, religion, and wealth quintile. Common FGM procedures involved removing genital flesh (63.7%) and nicking without removal (55.1%), often performed by nurses/midwives (63.7%). Conclusion: The study emphasized the urgent need for continuous awareness campaigns and education to combat FGM among Nigerian women. Education emerged as a critical factor in reducing FGM, highlighting the importance of investing in girls’ education.

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Female Genital Mutilation in Benin: Prevalence and Associated Factors Based on Data from the Demographic and Health Survey, 2011-2012

Cited by 2 publications

References 20 publications

Factors Associated with the Persistence of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Benin

Factors Associated with the Persistence of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Benin

A retrospective analysis of the trends in the prevalence of female genital mutilation and associated factors among women of reproductive age in Nigeria 2011–2021

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