Female–male differences in alcohol dependence levels: Evidence on newly incident adolescent and young‐adult drinkers in the United States, 2002–2014

Cheng, Hui G.; Anthony, James C.

doi:10.1002/mpr.1717

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A study by Cheng and Anthony conducted between 2006 and 2014 assessed the dates of first full drink and first heavy drinking episode in around 33,000 females and males (ages 12 to 21) in the United States who had their first heavy drinking episode within the past 24 months. 15 Their findings revealed that, among adolescents who started to drink between ages 11 and 14, females progressed to a heavy drinking episode more quickly than males. This suggests that when drinking starts before age 15, females are at greater risk than males of progressing to a heavy drinking episode.…”

Section: Sex Differences In Stress Factors Early Onset Alcohol Misusmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Recent studies have shown that girls who report a history of abuse before adulthood are more vulnerable to developing AUD. 15 Other studies have found that adolescents who face a number of negative life events show increased levels of drug use (and misuse) compared to those who do not face these adverse events. 7,10 Exposure to early life stress may be especially harmful for women, who are exposed to more high-impact trauma (e.g., sexual abuse) than men are, and at a younger age.…”

Section: Sex Differences In Stress Factors Early Onset Alcohol Misusmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Stress, Trauma, and Negative Affect in the Development of Alcohol Misuse and Alcohol Use Disorders in Women

Guinle

Sinha

2020

ARCR

101

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Recent evidence indicates that the United States is facing a public health crisis of alcohol misuse and alcohol use disorder (AUD), which has been fueled in part by dramatic rises in binge and heavy drinking and prevalence of AUD in women. Historically, alcohol misuse and AUD have been more prevalent in men than in women. However, recent evidence on data from the past decade shows increases in AUD prevalence rates that are associated with substantially higher binge and heavy drinking and AUD prevalence in women compared to men. This paper first addresses the key roles of stress, trauma, childhood maltreatment, negative affect, and mood and anxiety disorders; sex differences in the presentation of these psychosocial and psychological factors; and their contributions to alcohol misuse, escalation to binge and heavy drinking, and transition to AUD in women. Also examined are potential central and peripheral biological mechanisms by which stressors and traumatic experiences, as well as chronic stress states-including depression and anxiety-may facilitate differential pathways to alcohol misuse, escalation, and transition to AUD in women. Finally, this paper discusses major gaps in the literature on sex differences in these areas as well as the need for greater research on sex-specific pathways to alcohol misuse and transition to AUD, so as to support a more comprehensive understanding of AUD etiology and for the development of new strategies for prevention and treatment of alcohol misuse and AUD in women.

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Section: Sex Differences In Stress Factors Early Onset Alcohol Misusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Sex Differences In Stress Factors Early Onset Alcohol Misusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Stress, Trauma, and Negative Affect in the Development of Alcohol Misuse and Alcohol Use Disorders in Women

Guinle

Sinha

2020

ARCR

101

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“…Furthermore, women progress more quickly from regular drinking to intoxication to first experiencing alcohol problems and appear to go from loss of control over drinking to experiencing their "worst" alcohol problems more rapidly than men (Randall et al, 1999). Women with an AUD diagnosis are more likely to have shorter drinking histories compared to their male counter-parts seeking treatment (Cheng & Anthony, 2018). Conceivably, motivation for alcohol use may more quickly shift from using it for the positive effects of alcohol to using alcohol for negative reinforcement among women.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of stress, alcohol prime dose, and sex on ad libitum drinking.

Patock‐Peckham¹,

Corbin²,

Smyth³

et al. 2022

Psychology of Addictive Behaviors

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Objective: The Self-Medication Hypothesis (SMH) theorizes that alcohol is used to alleviate negative states. We assessed whether an acute social stressor (Trier Social Stress Test, TSST), a priming dose of alcohol, and participant sex impacted 90-min ad libitum drinking. We expected exposure to stress to be associated with increased consumption, and this effect to be stronger following an alcohol priming dose; we also explored whether participant sex moderated these effects. Method: Using a 2×2 experimental design, we randomized groups of two to three drinkers to stress (TSST vs. no TSST) and priming beverage (alcohol vs. placebo) conditions. All participants subsequently completed the 90-min ad libitum drinking period and were instructed not to exceed more than one alcoholic beverage per hour for optimal performance to model behavioral impaired control. We examined (a) number of drinks ordered, (b) violations of the drink limit, (c) change in breath alcohol concentration (BAC), and (d) peak BAC. Results: Analyses showed that exposure to stress was associated with heavier ad libitum drinking. This effect was qualified by a three-way interaction; women who received a stressor and no prime dose (placebo) reached higher BACs, whereas men who received a stressor and a prime reached higher BACs. Conclusions: The hypothesized interaction between an alcohol priming dose and social stress was only evident among men, whereas women drank more under social stress in the absence of a priming dose. Findings suggest the importance of exploring sex differences in future studies of the SMH. Public Health Significance StatementThis study found that women exposed to social stress drank more when given access to alcohol, whereas men drank more only when exposed to both social stress and a priming dose of alcohol. This suggests the need for further attention to potential sex and gender differences in the role of self-medication in drinking behavior.

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“…In humans, alcohol use during adolescence increases the risk of developing AUD in adulthood; interestingly, this occurs in an age- and sex-dependent manner. For example, an earlier age of onset (during adolescence) increases the risk of AUD in females, while late-adolescent age of onset increases risk of AUD in males [ 72 ]. In the current study, we showed dysregulation of KOR function in early-AIE-exposed females and late-AIE-exposed males.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Exposure Effects on Kappa Opioid Receptor Mediated Dopamine Transmission: Sex and Age of Exposure Matter

et al. 2020

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Underage alcohol drinking increases the risk of developing alcohol use disorder (AUD). In rodents, adolescent ethanol exposure augments ethanol consumption and anxiety-like behavior while reducing social interaction. However, the underlying mechanisms driving these adaptations are unclear. The dopamine and kappa opioid receptor (KOR) systems in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) are implicated in affective disorders, including AUD, with studies showing augmented KOR function and reduced dopamine transmission in ethanol-dependent adult animals. Thus, here we examine the impact of adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure on dopamine transmission and KOR function in the NAc. Rats were exposed to water or ethanol (4 g/kg, intragastrically) every other day during early (postnatal day (PD) 25–45) or late (PD 45–65) adolescence. While AIE exposure during early adolescence (early-AIE) did not alter dopamine release in male and female rats, AIE exposure during late adolescence (late-AIE) resulted in greater dopamine release in males and lower dopamine release in females. To determine the impact of AIE on KOR function, we measured the effect of KOR activation using U50,488 (0.01–1.00 µM) on dopamine release. Early-AIE exposure potentiated KOR-mediated inhibition of dopamine release in females, while late-AIE exposure attenuated this effect in males. Interestingly, no differences in KOR function were observed in early-AIE exposed males and late-AIE exposed females. Together, these data suggest that AIE exposure impact on neural processes is dependent on sex and exposure timing. These differences likely arise from differential developmental timing in males and females. This is the first study to show changes in KOR function following AIE exposure.

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Female–male differences in alcohol dependence levels: Evidence on newly incident adolescent and young‐adult drinkers in the United States, 2002–2014

Abstract: In the United States, there is female excess in ADS levels measured soon after drinking onset in early adolescence. The traditional male excess is seen when drinking onset occurs after mid-adolescence. Evidence from other countries will be useful.

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

The Role of Stress, Trauma, and Negative Affect in the Development of Alcohol Misuse and Alcohol Use Disorders in Women

The Role of Stress, Trauma, and Negative Affect in the Development of Alcohol Misuse and Alcohol Use Disorders in Women

Effects of stress, alcohol prime dose, and sex on ad libitum drinking.

Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Exposure Effects on Kappa Opioid Receptor Mediated Dopamine Transmission: Sex and Age of Exposure Matter

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