Female Preponderance of Parkinson’s Disease in Japan

Kimura, Hideki; Kurimura, Masayuki; Wada, Manabu; Kawanami, Toru; Kurita, Keiji; Suzuki, Yuhei; Katagiri, Tadashi; Daimon, Makoto; Kayama, Takamasa; Kato, T

doi:10.1159/000065527

Cited by 57 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…We found a consistently higher prevalence of PD in women than in men across almost all age groups, which is consistent with other reports in Japan [1,2,16,17] . Haaxma et al [18] reported that women with PD have a more benign phenotype, and that symptoms may develop more slowly in women because of higher striate dopamine levels, possibly related to estrogen activity.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson’s Disease in Japan during a Quarter of a Century

et al. 2009

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Background/Aim: To determine the prevalence and incidence of Parkinson’s disease (PD) and compare them with results from our previous studies. Methods: We examined epidemiological characteristics of PD patients using a service-based study in Yonago City, and a door-to-door study in Daisen Town. The prevalence days were April 1, 2004 in Yonago, and April 1, 2003 in Daisen. Results: In Yonago, we identified 254 PD patients. The crude prevalence was 180.3 (95% CI, 158.1–202.4) per 100,000 population. The adjusted prevalence was 145.8 (95% CI, 145.2–146.5) in 1980, 147.0 (95% CI, 146.3–147.6) in 1992, and 166.8 (95% CI, 166.1–167.5) in 2004, when calculated using the Japanese population in 2004. The crude incidence was 18.4 (95% CI, 11.3–25.5) per 100,000 population per year. The crude incidence in 1980 was 10.2 (95% CI, 4.6–15.8), and the adjusted incidence was 9.8 (95% CI, 4.3–15.3) in 1992, and 10.3 (95% CI, 4.7–15.9) in 2004, when calculated using the population in Yonago in 1980. In Daisen, there were 21 PD patients. The crude prevalence was 306.6 (95% CI, 175.7–437.6) and the adjusted prevalence was 192.6 (95% CI, 191.9–193.8). Conclusions: The prevalence of PD had increased, primarily because the population had aged. Differences in prevalence between these adjacent areas may have resulted from differences in the methods of investigation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Changes in Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson’s Disease in Japan during a Quarter of a Century

et al. 2009

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“…Lange and colleagues for their valuable comments on our study on possible risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). In our paper, contrary to the findings in Europe and the USA, we observed a higher prevalence of PD in women than men in Yamagata, an agricultural prefecture of Japan [1]. This female preponderance of PD was observed in people living in cities, where agricultural workers (farmers) are rare.…”

contrasting

confidence: 99%

Reply to the Letter by Lange et al.: Is Endotoxin an Environmental Cause of Parkinson’s Disease?

Kato¹,

Kimura²,

Daimon³

2003

Neuroepidemiology

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“…This gender proportion corresponds to that in Japanese sPD patients. Quite different from European countries and the United States of America, a female preponderance of sPD has been observed in Japan (Kimura et al, 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Patients with sPD were collected through the Yamagata Study Group of PD, which surveyed all of the 782 hospitals and clinics located in the Yamagata prefecture, which has a population of 1.2 million (Kimura et al, 2002). A total of 1477 patients diagnosed as having PD were registered during the period of September and October, 2000, and of these, 963 patients were selected for additional critical evaluation for sPD.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 5 in Pathogenesis of Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

Arawaka¹,

Wada²,

Goto³

et al. 2006

J. Neurosci.

121

123

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Sporadic Parkinson's disease (sPD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder, characterized by selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Although the pathogenesis of the disease remains undetermined, phosphorylation of ␣-synuclein and its oligomer formation seem to play a key role. However, the protein kinase(s) involved in the phosphorylation in the pathogenesis of sPD has not been identified. Here, we found that G-protein-coupled receptor kinase 5 (GRK5) accumulated in Lewy bodies and colocalized with ␣-synuclein in the pathological structures of the brains of sPD patients. In cotransfected cells, GRK5 phosphorylated Ser-129 of ␣-synuclein at the plasma membrane and induced translocation of phosphorylated ␣-synuclein to the perikaryal area. GRK5-catalyzed phosphorylation also promoted the formation of soluble oligomers and aggregates of ␣-synuclein. Genetic association study revealed haplotypic association of the GRK5 gene with susceptibility to sPD. The haplotype contained two functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms, m22.1 and m24, in introns of the GRK5 gene, which bound to YY1 (Yin Yang-1) and CREB-1 (cAMP response element-binding protein 1), respectively, and increased transcriptional activity of the reporter gene. The results suggest that phosphorylation of ␣-synuclein by GRK5 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of sPD.

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Female Preponderance of Parkinson’s Disease in Japan

Cited by 57 publications

References 21 publications

Changes in Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson’s Disease in Japan during a Quarter of a Century

Changes in Prevalence and Incidence of Parkinson’s Disease in Japan during a Quarter of a Century

Reply to the Letter by Lange et al.: Is Endotoxin an Environmental Cause of Parkinson’s Disease?

The Role of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 5 in Pathogenesis of Sporadic Parkinson's Disease

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