Female reproductive system of the tribe Galeritini (Coleoptera: Carabidae): structural features and evolution

Hunting, Wesley

doi:10.2992/0097-4463-77.1.229

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These two storage sites are physically separated from one another and are connected via separate ducts to a larger common duct that joins the bursa copulatrix (Fig. 12 A; Liebherr and Will, 1998; Hunting, 2008). Nothing is known regarding sperm use by Galerita females, but we speculate that conjugates arrive to the balloon-shaped structure, dissociate or become dissociated from their sperm, and sperm travel or are moved to the functional spermatheca.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novelty and emergent patterns in sperm: morphological diversity and evolution of spermatozoa and sperm conjugation in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Gómez

Maddison

2019

Preprint

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The beetle family Carabidae, with about 40,000 species, exhibits enough diversity in sperm structure and behavior to be an excellent model system for studying patterns and processes of sperm evolution. We explore their potential, documenting sperm form in 177 species of ground beetles and collecting data on 1 qualitative and 7 quantitative sperm phenotypic traits. Our sampling captures 61% of the tribal-level diversity of ground beetles. These data highlight the notable morphological diversity of sperm in ground beetles and suggest that sperm in the group have dynamic evolutionary histories with much morphological innovation and convergence. Sperm vary among species in total length from 48-3,400μm and in length and width of the sperm head. Most ground beetles make filamentous sperm with visually indistinct heads, but some or all studied members of the genus Omophron, genus Trachypachus, and tribe Dyschiriini make broad-headed sperm that show morphological differences between species. Most ground beetles package their sperm into groups of sperm, termed conjugates, and ground beetles show variation in conjugate form and in the number and arrangement of sperm in a conjugate. Most ground beetles make sperm conjugates by embedding their sperm in a non-cellular rod or spermatostyle, but some Trechitae make conjugates without a spermatostyle. The spermatostyle is remarkably variable among species and varies in length from 17-41,000μm. Several unrelated groups of ground beetles make only singleton sperm, including Nebriinae, Cicindelinae, many Trechinae, and the tribe Paussini. Given current views about ground beetle relationships, we propose preliminary hypotheses on ground beetle sperm diversification. We hypothesize that spermatostyle and conjugate traits evolve faster than sperm traits and that head width evolves more slowly than head length and sperm length. We propose that conjugation with a spermatostyle evolved early within the history of Carabidae and that it has been lost independently at least three times. Research highlights Ground beetle sperm is morphologically diverse. Most species make sperm conjugates with a spermatostyle, and there is variation in sperm, spermatostyles, and conjugates. Sperm have dynamic evolutionary histories.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novelty and emergent patterns in sperm: morphological diversity and evolution of spermatozoa and sperm conjugation in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Gómez

Maddison

2019

Preprint

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“…Terms are based on Reichardt (1977) for general morphology, Snodgrass (1935) and Ball et al (2011) for the mouthparts, Kukalová-Peck and Lawrence (1993) for the metathoracic wing, Deuve (1993) for the male genitalia, and Hunting (2008) for female genitalia.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Ball (1985) and Hunting (2008), however, Trichognathus is postulated to be sister group of Galerita sensu lato (Galerita sensu stricto + Progaleritina), together forming the sister group of Ancystroglossus Chaudoir, 1862.…”

Section: Relationshipsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The genitalia of some females were dissected and the fairly long spermathecal gland, considered a remarkable character by Hunting (2008), was not observed, appearing only slightly elongated (Figure 6c). The sexual dimorphism of dilated tarsi was observed more pronounced in some males than in others.…”

Section: Comparisonsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…These features and others were illustrated with partially labeled scanning electron microscope images, Trichognathus marginipennis was again redescribed in a study about carabids of Colombia (Martinez 2005). Hunting (2008) also included this species in his study of the internal female genital system of galeritines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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On immature and adult forms of Trichognathus marginipennis Latreille, 1829 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Galeritini)

Santos¹

2012

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Novelty and emergent patterns in sperm: Morphological diversity and evolution of spermatozoa and sperm conjugation in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Gómez

Maddison

2020

Journal of Morphology

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The beetle family Carabidae, with about 40,000 species, exhibits enough diversity in sperm structure and behavior to be an excellent model system for studying patterns and processes of evolution. We explore their potential, documenting sperm form in 177 species of ground beetles using light microscopy and collecting data on one qualitative and seven quantitative phenotypic traits. Our sampling captures 61% of the tribal-level diversity of ground beetles. These data highlight the notable morphological diversity of sperm in ground beetles and suggest that sperm in the group have dynamic evolutionary histories with much morphological innovation and convergence. Sperm vary among species in total length (48-3,400 μm), head length (0.5-270 μm), and head width (0.2-6.3 μm). Most ground beetles make sperm with heads that are indistinct from the flagella at the gross morphological level. However, some or all Omophron, Trachypachus, and Dyschiriini make broad-headed sperm that show morphological differences between species. Most ground beetles package their sperm into groups of sperm, termed conjugates, and ground beetles show variation in conjugate form and in the number and arrangement of sperm in a conjugate. Most ground beetles make sperm conjugates by embedding their sperm in a hyaline rod or spermatostyle. The spermatostyle is remarkably variable among species and varies in length from 17 to 41,000 μm. Several unrelated groups of ground beetles make only singleton sperm, including Nebriinae, Cicindelinae, many Trechinae, and the tribe Paussini. In order to study patterns in sperm evolution, we combine these data with a low-resolution phylogeny of ground beetles. Results from modern comparative analyses suggest the following: (a) sperm differ from conjugates in some aspect of their underlying evolutionary process, (b) sperm have influenced conjugate evolution and vice versa, and (c) conjugation with a spermatostyle likely evolved early within the history of Carabidae and it has been lost independently at least three times.

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Female reproductive system of the tribe Galeritini (Coleoptera: Carabidae): structural features and evolution

Cited by 8 publications

References 2 publications

Novelty and emergent patterns in sperm: morphological diversity and evolution of spermatozoa and sperm conjugation in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

Novelty and emergent patterns in sperm: morphological diversity and evolution of spermatozoa and sperm conjugation in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

On immature and adult forms of Trichognathus marginipennis Latreille, 1829 (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Galeritini)

Novelty and emergent patterns in sperm: Morphological diversity and evolution of spermatozoa and sperm conjugation in ground beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae)

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