Female Sex Worker Client Behaviors Lead to Condom Breakage: A Prospective Telephone-Based Survey in Bangalore, South India

Bradley, Janet; Rajaram, S; Moses, Stephen; Gowda, Giriyanna; Pushpalatha, R; Ramesh, B M; Isac, Shajy; Boily, Marie‐Claude; Lobo, Anil; Gowda, Hareesh S; Alary, Michel

doi:10.1007/s10461-012-0192-3

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…MSM who initially reported ever or never condom use and moved to consistent condom use have low HIV incidence rate. Second, improper use or product failure because of breakage may have mitigated effect of condom use2021. Third, frequency of condom use relied on self-reporting, and may have been unreliable measure because of the personal nature of the questions posed and potential for desirability22.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007–2012

Jia

Huang

et al. 2015

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We conducted a prospective cohort study among HIV-negative MSM aged 18 years or older between 2007 and 2012 in Beijing, China to measure the rates of incident HIV and identify risk factors for infection. Among 5,800 participants evaluated at enrollment, we identified 486 prevalent cases of HIV (8.4%). Among the 3,625 enrollees who were HIV-negative at enrollment and completed at least one follow-up interview, we identified 440 incident cases of HIV in the follow up period: this constituted an HIV incidence rate of 7.1 per 100 person-years (95% CI: 6.4–7.7). Early treatment of syphilis may have significantly reduced risk of HIV infection (RR: 1.45, 95% CI: 1.11–1.93), while MSM presenting perfect compliance in the cohort did not show reduction in HIV infection. Our study suggested that HIV incidence has been remained high in this sample of Chinese MSM during the intensive preventive intervention, suggesting that we need to find new strategies to prevent HIV infection in this population.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007–2012

Jia

Huang

et al. 2015

Sci Rep

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“…Among studies reporting mean frequency across the whole study sample, the total number of AI and UAI acts ranged from 1.1 to 16.9 (N = 8) and 1.0 to 1.7 (N = 3). The percentage of all intercourse acts that were anal ranged from 2.4 to 15.9% in the six studies that reported it across the whole sample [3,26,[33][34][35][36]. In the sole study which reported it among the subset practising AI [3], 17.0% of intercourse acts were anal.…”

Section: Frequency Of Ai Compared To VImentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We plotted these individual study estimates and produced pooled estimates by recall period (for recall periods with > 3 estimates). Where studies reported condom use as 'always', 'sometimes' or 'never', rather than over a specific recall period, we define answers other than [3, 9, 10, 27-34, 42, 43, 45, 47-155] UAI prevalence only b 5 [22][23][24][25]156] AI frequency 13 [3,9,10,26,[28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36] AI prevalence recall period a 'always' as practising UAI or UVI and refer to this recall period as general condom use. All models were fitted using maximum-likelihood random-effects models [16,17] with the procedure 'Metafor' [18] in R version 3.20.1 [19].…”

Section: Prevalence Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 13 studies which provided data on the number of AI acts, we were able to extract or derive eight estimates among the subset of FSW who report practising AI [3,9,10,[28][29][30][31][32] and eight over the whole sample [3,10,26,[32][33][34][35][36], which includes FSWs not practising AI (Table 3). AI frequency estimates vary substantially across studies.…”

Section: Frequency Of Ai Compared To VImentioning

confidence: 99%

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What Proportion of Female Sex Workers Practise anal Intercourse and How Frequently? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

et al. 2019

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HIV is more efficiently acquired during receptive anal intercourse (AI) compared to vaginal intercourse (VI) and may contribute substantially to female sex workers' (FSW) high HIV burden. We aim to determine how common and frequent AI is among FSW globally. We searched PubMed, Embase and PsycINFO for studies reporting the proportion of FSW practising AI (prevalence) and/or the number of AI acts (frequency) worldwide from 01/1980 to 10/2018. We assessed the influence of participant and study characteristics on AI prevalence (e.g. continent, study year and interview method) through sub-group analysis. Of 15,830 identified studies, 131 were included. Nearly all (N = 128) reported AI prevalence and few frequency (N = 13), over various recall periods. Most studies used face-to-face interviews (N = 111). Pooled prevalences varied little by recall period (lifetime: 15.7% 95%CI 12.2-19.3%, N = 30, I 2 = 99%; past month: 16.2% 95%CI 10.8-21.6%, N = 18, I 2 = 99%). The pooled proportion of FSW reporting < 100% condom use tended to be non-significantly higher during AI compared to during VI (e.g. any unprotected VI: 19.1% 95%CI 1.7-36.4, N = 5 and any unprotected AI: 46.4% 95%CI 9.1-83.6, N = 5 in the past week). Across all study participants, between 2.4 and 15.9% (N = 6) of all intercourse acts (AI and VI) were anal. Neither AI prevalence nor frequency varied substantially by any participant or study characteristics. Although varied, AI among FSW is generally common, inconsistently protected with condoms and practiced sufficiently frequently to contribute substantially to HIV acquisition in this risk group. Interventions to address barriers to condom use are needed.

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“…Within criminalised environments, physical and sexual violence in the workplace, whether by clients, police, managers, pimps, or predators posing as clients, are among the most ubiquitous and influential determinants of HIV acquisition and transmission risk among FSWs, linked to inconsistent condom use, client condom refusal, condom use failure and breakage,22, 24, 26, 28, 33, 43, 46, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 and HIV infection. 5, 33, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62 In addition to police abuse as a human rights violation, law enforcement strategies and local policing of sex work, including arrests and incarceration, 26, 38, 61, 63, 64, 65 raids, 64 displacement, 24 and confiscation of condoms or syringes, 64, 66 are key barriers to HIV prevention efforts among FSWs worldwide, which reduces or eliminates the ability to negotiate male condom use 24, 51, 61, 63, 64, 66 and increases HIV prevalence and incidence.…”

Section: Structural Determinants Of Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants

et al. 2015

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SUMMARY Female sex workers (FSWs) bear a disproportionately large burden of HIV infection worldwide. Despite decades of research and programme activity, the epidemiology of HIV and the role that structural determinants have in mitigating or potentiating HIV epidemics and access to care for FSWs is poorly understood. We reviewed available published data for HIV prevalence and incidence, condom use, and structural determinants among this group. Only 87 (43%) of 204 unique studies reviewed explicitly examined structural determinants of HIV. Most studies were from Asia, with few from areas with a heavy burden of HIV such as sub-Saharan Africa, Russia, and eastern Europe. To further explore the potential effect of structural determinants on the course of epidemics, we used a deterministic transmission model to simulate potential HIV infections averted through structural changes in regions with concentrated and generalised epidemics, and high HIV prevalence among FSWs. This modelling suggested that elimination of sexual violence alone could avert 17% of HIV infections in Kenya (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 1–31) and 20% in Canada (95% UI 3–39) through its immediate and sustained effect on non-condom use) among FSWs and their clients in the next decade. In Kenya, scaling up of access to antiretroviral therapy among FSWs and their clients to meet WHO eligibility of a CD4 cell count of less than 500 cells per μL could avert 34% (95% UI 25–42) of infections and even modest coverage of sex worker-led outreach could avert 20% (95% UI 8–36) of infections in the next decade. Decriminalisation of sex work would have the greatest effect on the course of HIV epidemics across all settings, averting 33–46% of HIV infections in the next decade. Multipronged structural and community-led interventions are crucial to increase access to prevention and treatment and to promote human rights for FSWs worldwide.

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Female Sex Worker Client Behaviors Lead to Condom Breakage: A Prospective Telephone-Based Survey in Bangalore, South India

Cited by 17 publications

References 21 publications

HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007–2012

HIV burden in men who have sex with men: a prospective cohort study 2007–2012

What Proportion of Female Sex Workers Practise anal Intercourse and How Frequently? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Global epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers: influence of structural determinants

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