Femininity-masculinity and attractiveness – Associations between self-ratings, third-party ratings and objective measures

Pereira, Kamila Janaina; Silva, Caio Santos Alves da; Havlı́ček, Jan; Kleisner, Karel; Varella, Marco Antônio Corrêa; Pavlovič, Ondřej; Valentová, Jaroslava Varella

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2019.04.033

Cited by 14 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Both studied vocal displays thus covary in their production and perception and can transmit similar information to listeners. This is in line with previous studies which show that women’s cross-modal attractiveness or masculinity as rated from faces and spoken voices are intercorrelated, although no such correlation was found in men (Valentova et al, 2016; Pereira et al, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As an exception, one study found that women who were judged as good singers based solely on the audio recordings were also independently rated as more attractive based on soundless video recordings (Wapnick et al, 1997). This is in line with research which shows that in women, attractiveness and masculinity-femininity ratings based on different modalities are correlated (e.g., Valentova et al, 2017c; Pereira et al, 2019). Nevertheless, further research is needed to test to what extent are the perceptual characteristics of speech and singing voice intercorrelated and whether both vocal displays function as backup signals, i.e., as signals that indicate similar underlying qualities, rather than multiple messages, i.e., signals that indicate different qualities of individuals (see Johnstone, 1996; Bro-Jørgensen, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…From a more general perspective, vocal sexual dimorphism is supposed to be at least in part the result of intrasexual competition, especially in the context of male-male competition (e.g., Puts, 2010). Indeed, men with lower-pitched voices are perceived as older, taller, heavier, more masculine, and more dominant than men with higher-pitched voices (Collins, 2000; Feinberg et al, 2005; Puts et al, 2006, 2007; Pereira et al, 2019). And similarly, women with lower-pitched voices are perceived as more dominant (Borkowska and Pawlowski, 2011), and both men and women with lower-pitched voices reported higher leadership capacities (Klofstad et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vocal Parameters of Speech and Singing Covary and Are Related to Vocal Attractiveness, Body Measures, and Sociosexuality: A Cross-Cultural Study

et al. 2019

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Perceived vocal attractiveness and measured sex-dimorphic vocal parameters are both associated with underlying individual qualities. Research tends to focus on speech but singing is another highly evolved communication system that has distinct and universal features with analogs in other species, and it is relevant in mating. Both speaking and singing voice provides relevant information about its producer. We tested whether speech and singing function as “backup signals” that indicate similar underlying qualities. Using a sample of 81 men and 86 women from Brazil and the Czech Republic, we investigated vocal attractiveness rated from speech and singing and its association with fundamental frequency (F0), apparent vocal tract length (VTL), body characteristics, and sociosexuality. F0, VTL, and rated attractiveness of singing and speaking voice strongly correlated within the same individual. Lower-pitched speech in men, higher-pitched speech and singing in women, individuals who like to sing more, and singing of individuals with a higher pitch modulation were perceived as more attractive. In men, physical size positively predicted speech and singing attractiveness. Male speech but not singing attractiveness was associated with higher sociosexuality. Lower-pitched male speech was related to higher sociosexuality, while lower-pitched male singing was linked to lower sociosexuality. Similarly, shorter speech VTL and longer singing VTL predicted higher sociosexuality in women. Different vocal displays function as “backup signals” cueing to attractiveness and body size, but their relation to sexual strategies in men and women differs. Both singing and speech may indicate evolutionarily relevant individual qualities shaped by sexual selection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vocal Parameters of Speech and Singing Covary and Are Related to Vocal Attractiveness, Body Measures, and Sociosexuality: A Cross-Cultural Study

et al. 2019

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“…In this study, we measured self-rated health and attractiveness. However, selfratings can differ from ratings by other people, especially in women (Pereira et al, 2019;. Thus, it would be of a high interest to analyse possible differences in other-rated attractiveness and health between physically active and sedentary individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the most important aspects of science is precision and terminological distinction, which contribute to a better scientific debate (Varella & Valentova, 2019).…”

Section: Definitionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motives for practice of physical activities: an evolutionary approach

Hsu¹

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Este trabalho começou em 2015, quando ainda era aluno de graduação em Educação Física e Saúde (antigo Ciências da Atividade Física), momento em que comecei a me preocupar com a necessidade de definir um tema para o Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (TCC). Havia ingressado no grupo de pesquisa da Prof.ª Dr.ª Jaroslava Varella Valentova com o intuito de estudar o Comportamento Não Verbal.Entretanto, as circunstâncias não favoreciam a escolha por um caminho de pesquisa mais extenso em termos de coleta e análises, uma vez que se fazia necessário concluir o TCC dentro do prazo e sem conflito com as demais atividades que precisava desenvolver simultaneamente, como estágios e iniciação científica.Assim, preparamos o projeto utilizando questionários, com inspiração no então recém publicado artigo de Marshall, Lefringhausen e Ferenczi (2015) 2 , articulando temas como Motivações para prática de Atividades Físicas, Personalidade, Autoestima, Narcisismo, bem como Sociossexualidade, esta última uma das mais importantes linhas de pesquisa da orientadora.O trabalho foi considerado de elevada qualidade, de modo que utilizamos apenas uma análise preliminar para o TCC 3 (também devido ao escasso tempo), transformando o restante em um projeto de Mestrado, o qual foi submetido à Fapesp e ao Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia Experimental do IP/USP. Recebemos uma avaliação positiva, com concessão de bolsa já na 1ª tentativa, o que permitiu iniciar a Pós já em um regime de dedicação exclusiva à pesquisa. Ainda assim notamos que a quantidade de dados e a originalidade do projeto permitiriam buscar algo mais, pois o tempo de 2 anos ainda seria pequeno para analisar e publicar o que 1 This section was kept in Portuguese, because some of the people acknowledged here cannot understand English. 2 Estudo focado nos diferentes motivos para uso do Facebook e sua relação com fatores de personalidade, autoestima e narcisismo. Buscamos um paralelo com atividade física por considerar que guardam entre si importantes semelhanças, como aspectos ligados à autoapresentação. Referência completa disponível no final da tese. 3 Apresentado em forma de pôster e disponibilizado para acesso público em: 4 Caso haja interesse em relação a como era o projeto inicial, este encontra-se disponibilizado em sua última versão, aprovada pela Fapesp e pelo Programa de Pós na passagem para o Doutorado Direto, podendo ser consultado integralmente no endereço: < https://drive.google.com/file/d/1hHvVr6Gy2zcJI9YqpExC3RlhYqjupL2H/view?usp=sharing > 5 Vídeo da apresentação inicial da Defesa: https://youtu.be/Naje5nXqWMM Agraadeço ao Prof. Dr. Fernando Luiz Cardoso, que viajou de Santa Catarina para participar presencialmente da qualificação (2019) e proporcionou diversas observações que contribuíram para expandir os horizontes de análise e interpretação de nossos dados, além de estar colaborando conosco na elaboração de novos artigos.À Profa. Dra. Emma Otta, deixo minha gratidão, por ter me indicado o contato da Jarka em 2015, abrindo as portas pa...

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An Evolutionary Perspective on Appearance Enhancement Behavior

Davis

Arnocky

2020

Arch Sex Behav

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Femininity-masculinity and attractiveness – Associations between self-ratings, third-party ratings and objective measures

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Vocal Parameters of Speech and Singing Covary and Are Related to Vocal Attractiveness, Body Measures, and Sociosexuality: A Cross-Cultural Study

Vocal Parameters of Speech and Singing Covary and Are Related to Vocal Attractiveness, Body Measures, and Sociosexuality: A Cross-Cultural Study

Motives for practice of physical activities: an evolutionary approach

An Evolutionary Perspective on Appearance Enhancement Behavior

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