Femininity, masculinity, and body image in a community-based sample of lesbian and bisexual women

Steele, Sarah M.; Belvy, Lisa; Veldhuis, Cindy B.; Mack, Kelly; Nisi, Robyn A.; Hughes, Tonda L.

doi:10.1080/03630242.2019.1567645

Cited by 23 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Risk factors related to mental health included anxiety, social anxiety, depression, negative affect, and eating as negative affect regulation [ 70 , 74 , 89 , 107 , 108 , 110 ]. Risk factors related to demographics included being of an older age and being of Caucasian ethnicity [ 40 , 74 , 88 , 131 , 147 ]. Risk factors related to gender attitudes included negative femininity, low endorsement of women’s movement, less active work to improve the status of women, acceptance of traditional gender roles, realization of sexism, body-gender identity incongruence, lower masculinity, and non-identification as a feminist [ 40 , 65 , 77 , 99 ].…”

Section: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating Behaviors Within Lgbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, adult and adolescent bisexual females reported greater frequencies of fasting, purging, diet pill usage, laxative usage, weight cycling, smoking with intention to lose weight, skipping meals, body dissatisfaction, and overall disordered eating, and were less likely to report engaging in healthy eating behaviors and physical activity in comparison to heterosexual females, although they were less likely to engage in over-exercising with intention of weight loss [ 6 , 88 , 100 , 103 , 134 , 141 , 159 , 168 , 174 ]. Bisexual females have also been found to report higher rates of eating pathology compared to lesbian and gay individuals [ 141 , 145 , 147 ]. Additionally, it has been found that, unlike their heterosexual peers whose disordered eating rates improved with time, female bisexual adolescents saw no such improvement in their fasting, purging, and diet pill usage [ 167 ].…”

Section: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating Behaviors Within Lgbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature

2020

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Background According to past research, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals experience a higher prevalence of psychopathology, which is attributable to the increased stress (i.e., stigma and prejudice) that they experience, as detailed by the minority stress model (MSM). Main This current literature review examined the empirical literature regarding the rates and types of, and risk factors for eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in LGBT adults and adolescents, in addition to each individual subgroup (i.e., lesbians, gay males, bisexuals, transgender and gender-nonconforming individuals). Conclusion LGBT adults and adolescents experience greater incidence of eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors than their heterosexual and cisgender counterparts. Additionally, gay, bisexual, and transgender adults and adolescents were all at increased risk for eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors. Mixed results were found for lesbian adults and adolescents. Results are discussed within the framework of the MSM.

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Section: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating Behaviors Within Lgbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Eating Disorders and Disordered Eating Behaviors Within Lgbtmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature

2020

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“…These two items were averaged, and higher scores represented greater masculine gender presentation whereas lower scores represented greater feminine gender presentation. This measure of gender presentation has shown sufficient reliability with SMW, with Cronbach’s alpha ranging from .89 to .92 (S. M. Steele et al, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health, alcohol use, and substance use correlates of sexism in a sample of gender-diverse sexual minority women.

Scheer¹,

Batchelder²,

Wang³

et al. 2022

Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity

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Gender-based stressors (e.g., sexism) are rooted in hegemonic masculinity, a cultural practice that subordinates women and stems from patriarchal social structures and institutions. Sexism has been increasingly documented as a key driver of mental and behavioral health issues among women, yet prior research has largely focused on heterosexual women. The current study examined associations between sexism and mental health (i.e., psychological distress) and behavioral health (i.e., alcohol-and drugrelated consequences) among sexual minority women (SMW). We also examined whether these associations might be more pronounced among SMW who identify as gender minorities (e.g., gender nonbinary, genderqueer) or are masculine-presenting compared to those who identify as cisgender women or are feminine-presenting. Participants included 60 SMW (ages 19-32; 55.0% queer, 43.3% gender minority, 41.7% racial and ethnic minority) who completed self-report measures of sexism, psychological distress, and alcohol-and drug-related consequences. Results indicated that sexism was positively associated with psychological distress, alcohol-related consequences, and drug-related consequences, respectively. In addition, sexism was associated with worse mental and behavioral health outcomes among SMW who identify as gender minorities or are masculine-presenting compared to SMW who identify as cisgender or are feminine-presenting. Findings provide evidence that the health impact of gender-based stressors among SMW may differ based on whether SMW identify as gender minorities and based on the extent to which SMW violate traditional gender norms. Public Significance StatementThis study advances our understanding of sexual minority women subgroups for whom the link between sexism and mental and behavioral health might be more pronounced, such as those who identify as gender minorities or are masculine-presenting. These findings underscore the importance of considering whether sexism (e.g., experiences of traditional gender role stereotyping and prejudice, and unwanted sexually objectifying comments and behavior) may be experienced as incongruent or dysphoric for gender minority or masculine-presenting SMW.

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“…Moreover, women who had more worries about their bodies were more likely to report greater dietary restraint [41] and are more likely to report negative attitudes toward menopause [42]. Lesbian women report more positive attitudes about their attractiveness and have better body esteem than heterosexual women [43], especially SMW who identify as less feminine and more masculine [44]. In general, lesbian women at midlife appear to be less concerned with others' perceptions of them or their bodies [39], an important social-psychological resource for women as they age and undergo menopausal transition.…”

Section: Sexual Orientation Gender Roles and Menopausementioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Aging Among Sexual Minority Women

Everett

Jenkins

Hughes

2021

Curr Obstet Gynecol Rep

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Purpose of ReviewThe purpose of this review is to provide readers with an overview of research on reproductive aging among sexual minority women (SMW; women who do not identify as exclusively heterosexual, and report same-sex sexual behaviors or same-sex attraction). Recent Findings SMW report health behaviors and risk profiles suggesting they may experience earlier onset of menopause and more severe menopause-related symptoms than heterosexual women. SMW may also have unique forms of resilience related to their sexual orientation that buffer the social-psychological stressors associated with menopause. Summary No systematic studies of sexual orientation-related disparities in menopause or its associated symptoms exist. More research is needed to understand the SMW's unique forms of stress and coping mechanisms related to menopause. Keywords Menopause . Sexual minority women . Sexual healthThis article is part of the Topical Collection on Current Approaches to Managing Menopause * Virginia Jenkins

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Femininity, masculinity, and body image in a community-based sample of lesbian and bisexual women

Cited by 23 publications

References 46 publications

Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature

Eating disorders and disordered eating behaviors in the LGBT population: a review of the literature

Mental health, alcohol use, and substance use correlates of sexism in a sample of gender-diverse sexual minority women.

Reproductive Aging Among Sexual Minority Women

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