Femoral curvature variability in modern humans using three-dimensional quadric surface fitting

Chapman, Tara; Sholukha, Victor; Semal, Patrick; Louryan, Stéphane; Rooze, Marcel; Jan, Serge Van Sint

doi:10.1007/s00276-015-1495-7

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…In humans, the mean radius of curvature of the femur is 112 cm (SD = 26) [ 13 ]. However, the degree of individual variation is large and strongly influenced by ethnicity [ 13 , 14 ]. Differences in the presence of a significant curvature relative to ethnicity have also been observed in patients with AFFs, ranging from 25% for females in Sweden to 45% for females in Singapore [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral fixation: an alternative surgical approach in the prevention of complete atypical femoral fractures

Kharazmi

Michaëlsson

Hallberg

et al. 2017

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol

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Little evidence is available on how to treat incomplete atypical fractures of the femur. When surgery is chosen, intramedullary nailing is the most common invasive technique. However, this approach is adopted from the treatment of other types of ordinary femoral fracture and does not aim to prevent the impending complete fracture by interrupting the mechanism underlying the pathology. We suggest a different surgical approach that intends to counteract the underlying biomechanical conditions leading to a complete atypical fracture and thus could be better suited in selected cases. Here, we share an alternative surgical approach and present two cases treated accordingly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral fixation: an alternative surgical approach in the prevention of complete atypical femoral fractures

Kharazmi

Michaëlsson

Hallberg

et al. 2017

Eur J Orthop Surg Traumatol

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“…Knee joint line was determined by palpation with the knee slightly flexed and was considered as the joint space between Tibia and Femur along its lateral margin [ 41 ]. Although femoral condyles are known to be the axis of knee joint rotation, we have used the knee joint line for moment arm calculation given the high variability of femoral condyles curvature in humans [ 42 ], which increases error in identifying this landmark. The isometric torque was defined as the product of the isometric force and the moment arm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quadriceps neuromuscular function in women with patellofemoral pain: Influences of the type of the task and the level of pain

Briani¹,

Silva²,

Flóride³

et al. 2018

PLoS ONE

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The present study aimed at investigating whether the neuromuscular system behaves differently (in terms of force and muscle activity generation) as a function of the task being performed (i.e. maximal voluntary efforts vs stair negotiation) and the presence of patellofemoral pain (PFP) and possible influences of pain intensity. Thirty-eight women with (n = 19) and without PFP (n = 19) had their knee strength (extension joint torque) measured during maximal voluntary isometric contractions (MVIC) and electromyography (EMG) data recorded during both MVIC and stair ascent tasks, which were performed before and after a loading protocol designed to exacerbate pain symptoms. Women with PFP displayed lower levels of vastus medialis (p = 0.002) and vastus lateralis (p = 0.032) EMG activation during MVIC assessments. Conversely, the PFP group showed higher levels of vastus medialis muscle activity during stair climbing (p = 0.007), which happened exclusively after the loading protocol. Similarly, women with PFP displayed lower knee extensor torque only during the MVIC tests performed after the loading protocol, which was moderately correlated with the increase in self-reported pain (p = 0.041, r = 0.37), whereas the changes in EMG activity during stair ascent were not correlated with changes in pain intensity (p = 0.215, r = 0.12). These results suggest that, in comparison to pain-free controls, women with PFP display lower levels of quadriceps EMG activation during maximal contractions, but higher activation during dynamic tasks (stair ascent). In addition, the moderate association between the decrease in knee extensor torque and increase in self-reported pain indicates that care should be taken by clinicians during quadriceps strength evaluation in women with PFP, as misleading outcomes may emerge if the intensity of knee pain is not considered during screening. Additionally, rehabilitation strategies should focus on both restoring neuromuscular control and increasing muscle strength.

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“…Most authors report an average overgrowth of 8-10 mm after femoral shaft fracture [12][13][14]. Overgrowth is not confined to the fractured femur, but, to a lesser extent, involves the non-fractured ipsilateral tibia as well [10][11]. It seems that acceleration of growth reaches its peak at three months postinjury and returns to normal after 40 to 60 months for tibial and femoral fractures respectively [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Femoral antecurvatum is the result of the intrinsic growing pattern and the extrinsic mechanical loading of the growing femur. It is present in the fetus and shows geographical and racial variance [10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The normal radius of curvature of the femur is approximately 120 cm +/-36 cm irrelevant of age [11]. Knowledge of the normal femoral antecurvatum is important in the typical rigid intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures in adults, since the radius of curvature of the nail should correspond to the radius of anterior bowing of the femur, in order to avoid postoperative complications such as anterior femoral cortex penetration or hip and knee pain [10,11].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Leg Length Discrepancy Due to Loss of Femoral Antecurvatum After Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing of Diaphyseal Fractures of the Femur in Children

Samelis

Papagrigorakis²,

Troupis

et al. 2019

Cureus

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Limb length discrepancy (LLD) is a frequent complication after elastic stable intramedullary nailing (ESIN) of femoral shaft fractures in children. It is the result of either shortening or lengthening of the affected limb. A shorter limb is usually observed when there is no strict adherence to the main indication of the technique, which is a transverse or short oblique fracture of the diaphysis. A longer limb may be the result of either improper reduction and significant dissociation of fracture fragments, or stimulation of growth of the fractured bone of the child, known as overgrowth. We describe a potential third cause of limb lengthening after treating femoral shaft fractures with the ESIN technique. LLD may be the result of acute femur lengthening due to the loss of normal femoral antecurvatum.

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Femoral curvature variability in modern humans using three-dimensional quadric surface fitting

Abstract: 3D QS fitting enables the creation of accurate models which can discriminate between different patterns in similar curvatures and demonstrates there is a clear difference between curvature in different parts of the shaft.

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Lateral fixation: an alternative surgical approach in the prevention of complete atypical femoral fractures

Lateral fixation: an alternative surgical approach in the prevention of complete atypical femoral fractures

Quadriceps neuromuscular function in women with patellofemoral pain: Influences of the type of the task and the level of pain

Leg Length Discrepancy Due to Loss of Femoral Antecurvatum After Elastic Stable Intramedullary Nailing of Diaphyseal Fractures of the Femur in Children

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