Femoral diaphysis fractures in cattle: 26 cases (1994–2005)

Nichols, Sylvain; Anderson, David E.; Miesner, Matt D.; Newman, Kenneth D.

doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2009.00531.x

Cited by 20 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Furthermore, plate fixation at this location was thought to be more suitable than fixation using an intramedullary pin, whereas in the diaphysis either technique may be used [3,11]. A relatively large osteotomy gap of 12 mm was chosen to ensure that the plate, rather than the fracture fragments, was the load-transferring component of the osteosynthesis [21,26-28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Most femoral fractures in newborn calves are irregular transverse or oblique fractures. Gross displacement of the fragments (Figure 1), extensive stripping of the periosteum and injury to adjacent tissues are typically seen [2,3,13-15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a Thomas splint [4] or intramedullary pins [3] were used for fixation, the outcome was significantly worse for fractures in the distal metaphysis compared with fractures of the diaphysis. Fixation of distal metaphyseal femoral fractures using Steinmann pins was associated with pin migration and instability [3,5,11]. In contrast, the outcome after plate osteosynthesis was not affected by the location of the fracture [2,16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-vitro comparison of LC-DCP- and LCP-constructs in the femur of newborn calves – a pilot study

et al. 2012

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BackgroundTo compare the biomechanical in-vitro characteristics of limited-contact dynamic compression plate (LC-DCP) and locking compression plate (LCP) constructs in an osteotomy gap model of femoral fracture in neonatal calves. Pairs of intact femurs from 10 calves that had died for reasons unrelated to the study were tested. A 7-hole LC-DCP with six 4.5 mm cortical screws was used in one femur and a 7-hole LCP with four 5.0 mm locking and two 4.5 mm cortical screws was used in the corresponding femur. The constructs were tested to failure by cyclic compression at a speed of 2 mm/s within six increasing force levels.ResultsThe bone-thread interface was stripped in 21 of 80 cortical screws (26.3%) before a pre-set insertion torque of 3 Nm was achieved. Only 3 corresponding intact pairs of constructs could be statistically compared for relative structural stiffness, actuator excursion and width of the osteotomy gap. Relative structural stiffness was significantly greater, actuator excursion and width of the osteotomy gap were significantly smaller in the LCP constructs. While failure occurred by loosening of the screws in the LC-DCP constructs, locking constructs failed by cutting large holes in the soft distal metaphyseal bone.ConclusionsAn insertion torque sufficient to provide adequate stability in femurs of newborn calves could not be achieved reliably with 4.5 mm cortical screws. Another limiting factor for both constructs was the weak cancellous bone of the distal fracture fragment. LCP constructs were significantly more resistant to compression than LC-DCP constructs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In-vitro comparison of LC-DCP- and LCP-constructs in the femur of newborn calves – a pilot study

et al. 2012

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“…O tratamento cirúrgico por meio de redução aberta da fratura associada à fixação interna é considerada a melhor opção terapêutica (Ewoldt et al 2003, Nichols et al 2010. A conduta cirúrgica instituída com o uso da associação de fixação interna (pino intramedular de 4mm) e externa (dois pinos de Schanz transcorticais e barras de conexão) é uma opção viável para o tratamento de fraturas de fêmur em caprinos, principalmente quando o animal for de baixo peso corporal e de alto valor zootécnico, como o do presente trabalho, pertencente a uma espécie em perigo de extinção.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Tratamento conservativo e cirúrgico em 22 ruminantes com fraturas em membros

et al. 2014

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RESUMO.-O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar os principais locais de fraturas em membros de 22 ruminantes e determinar a eficiência dos tratamentos utilizados. Foram incluídos no estudo oito caprinos, oito ovinos e seis bovinos Em casos de fraturas distais, o tratamento conservativo com imobilização foi o método de eleição. Em casos de fraturas proximais e fraturas expostas de metatarso ou metacarpo, os ruminantes foram tratados cirurgicamente. Observou-se maior frequência de fraturas envolvendo o metacarpo ou metatarso (54,5%), seguido por fraturas de tíbia (22,7%), fêmur (9%) e casos isolados de fraturas de falange medial, úmero, rádio e ulna (4,5% cada). O ín-dice de recuperação total alcançou 95,4%. A imobilização com gesso associada à tala de Thomas, ou apenas com talas de madeira em animais jovens, foi eficiente na redução de fraturas de metacarpo, metatarso, tíbia, úmero e rádio nos ruminantes tratados. Enquanto no caso de fratura de falange medial, a imobilização com uso apenas de gesso foi suficiente para proporcionar reparação óssea adequada. A fixação esquelética externa ou interna deve ser considerada uma opção no tratamento de fraturas metacárpicas, metatársicas, tibiais e femorais em ruminantes, principalmente quando o animal for de baixo peso corporal.TERMOS DE INDEXAÇÃO: Fraturas, fixador esquelético externo, ortopedia, osteossíntese, tala de Thomas, ruminantes. INTRODUÇÃOAs fraturas em ruminantes ocorrem com relativa frequên-cia, traduzindo em perdas econômicas significativas para a cadeia produtiva (Spadeto Júnior et al. 2010). As fraturas em membros são mais comumente encontradas em The aim of the present study was to report the main locations of limb fractures in 22 ruminants and to determine the efficiency of the treatment choices. Eight goats, eight sheep and six cattle were included. In cases of distal fractures, the conservative treatment with immobilization was the method of choice. In cases of proximal, exposed metatarsal or metacarpal fractures, the ruminants were treated surgically. The higher frequency of fractures involved the metacarpal or metatarsal (54.5%) followed by fractures of the tibia (22.7%), femur (9%) and isolated cases of medial phalanx, humerus, radius and ulna fractures (4.5% each). Total recovery rate reached 95.4%. Immobilization with plaster associated with Thomas splint, or just with wooden splints in young animals, was efficient in reducing fractures of metacarpal, metatarsal, tibia, humerus, and radio in the treated ruminants. In the case of medial phalanx fracture, immobilization using only plaster was sufficient to provide adequate bone repair. The internal or external skeletal fixation should be considered an option in the treatment of metacarpal, metatarsal, tibial and femoral fractures in ruminants, especially in low body weight animals.

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“…Results of this retrospective study suggest that conservative treatment of femur fractures in cattle is possible but associated with complications during convalescence 7 …”

Section: Production Animalsmentioning

confidence: 91%