This article presents an overview of current concepts of evidence-based diagnosis using a variety of imaging modalities for a broad spectrum of musculoskeletal conditions and syndromes. There is limited but increasing evidence that physical therapists appropriately use diagnostic studies in clinical practice. Pathology revealed by diagnostic studies must be viewed in the context of the complete examination, as pathology is common in the asymptomatic population. Special
Key Words: clinical decision rule, diagnosis, diagnostic imagingD iagnostic imaging is an important tool for the differential diagnosis of many musculoskeletal conditions. Physical therapists working in direct access roles are assuming greater diagnostic responsibility. The role of musculoskeletal imaging in physical therapist practice is therefore becoming increasingly important.127 Availability of diagnostic studies to physical therapists may vary greatly depending upon many factors within the practice setting. US Army physical therapists functioning as direct access providers have long held privileges for ordering imaging studies and laborator y tests considered essential to their diagnostic role. 7,12,43,47,48 Physical therapists who do not have the privilege to order imaging studies, especially with the greater direct access role conferred to physical therapists, should still be familiar with the indications and role of diagnostic radiology. In these situations, physical therapists should establish the proper professional interactions with individuals who can facilitate ordering necessary imaging studies.
The Evidence Regarding the Use of Musculoskeletal Imaging Studies by Physical TherapistsThere is limited but increasing evidence that physical therapists appropriately use diagnostic studies in clinical practice. A study comparing the care administered by physical therapists with orthopaedic surgeons in the primary management of musculoskeletal problems determined that the physical therapists were most cost effective, with no